We present a straightforward approach with high moldability for producing dual-responsive and multi-functional plasmonic hydrogel valves and biomimetic architectures that reversibly change volumes and colors in response to temperature and ion variations. Heating of a mixture of hybrid colloids (gold nanoparticles assembled on a hydrogel colloid) and hydrogel colloids rapidly induces (within 30 ...

This paper describe the mechanical and control system design of a 10 DOF (Degrees Of Freedom) lower limbs exoskeleton for gait rehabilitation of patients with gait dysfunction. The system has 4 double-acting rod pneumatic actuators (two for each leg), that controls the hip and knee joints. Motion of each cylinder’s piston is controlled by two pressure proportional valves, connected to both cyli...

Nowadays, the structure of societies has an interwoven social space of various forms of capital that distinguishes social situations hierarchically. In this regard, cultural capital plays an important role as a bridge between economy and culture and causes the family, as a cultural and social variable, to have significant effects on socialization of the children. Therefore, the attitudes and be...

This two-part paper describes a compressor redesign program for improving efficiency, lowering sound emission, and cost. Part 2 indicates how sound and discharge pulse were reduced through research conducted on transmission loss of plastic vs. steel manifolds and discharge pulse modeling using four pole parameters Common reciprocating compressors utilize steel flapper valves and a Cylinder Head...

The conception of raising dynamic stiffness of electro hydraulic position servo system by flow feedforward compensation is put forward. First, the elementary principle of maintaining piston position unchanged under sudden external force load change by charging additional oil volume is analyzed. Then, a scheme using double servo valves to realize flow feedforward compensation is presented, in wh...

Internal pressure waves influence the performance of reciprocating compressors in two ways: Firstly they interact with the valve dynamics and secondly they excite an oscillating moment onto the piston. On the basis of 2-D and 3-D simulations using a commercial CFD code and the experiences of compressor manufacturers a 1-D flow model is introduced. Valve dynamics are described by a modified Cost...

period during which the valve is either on or off and the rate of pumping. An air supply from a cylinder or air line at a pressure of a few kilograms per square centimetre is required. The device is very flexible, the rate of flow can be quickly adjusted by altering the timer settings or changing the syringe size or stroke and it will work for long periods without failure. It is not suitable fo...

A Large-Eddy Simulation of several cycles of a spark-ignition engine with port fuel injection has been performed. The investigated engine is a modified Rotax-engine with one cylinder and four valves, built and measured (Heidenreich, Private communication) by the Institute of Reciprocating Engines of the University of Karlsruhe (IFKM). A recently modified (Magagnato et al., 2008) progress variab...

Understanding how a myriad of transcription regulators work to modulate mRNA output at thousands of genes remains a fundamental challenge in molecular biology. Here we develop a computational tool to aid in assessing the plausibility of gene regulatory models derived from genome-wide expression profiling of cells mutant for transcription regulators. mRNA output is modelled as fluid flow in a pi...

Concrete cylinder piles produced by a centrifugally cast, vibrated, roller-compacted process have shown promising corrosion resistance in marine environments. Three bridges in the Florida panhandle with ~40 years in aggressive marine service and one newly constructed marine bridge utilizing concrete cylinder piles were examined. Examination of the older marine bridges showed minimal corrosion d...