Abstract One of the most crucial factors architects should consider in building energy performance design is consumption residential buildings, particularly megacities such as Cairo. Oxman classifies that a five-paradigmatic model can help generate forms. In this study, authors aimed to develop form-driven framework based on generative shape grammar allows forms rules, which through variables a...

The adaptable transmittance of electrochromic glazing allows to control the solar radiation entering buildings, yet level needed protect from glare is still an unanswered question. To bridge this gap, study evaluates visible light (? v ) required for blue-tinted low prevent discomfort when sun through glazing. Twenty participants were exposed four visual scenarios with varying viewing direction...

The expectation that non-cooperators will be punished can help to sustain cooperation, but there are competing claims about whether opportunities to engage in higher-order punishment (punishing punishment or failure to punish) help or undermine cooperation in social dilemmas. In a set of experimental treatments, we find that availability of higherorder punishment increases cooperation and effic...

BACKGROUND This paper investigated the effect of daylight on morning and night melatonin, subjective general health using GHQ questionnaire, sleepiness and alertness on elderly who lived in nursing houses. METHODS Nineteen nursing home residents participated voluntarily. They exposed to daylight from 9 to 10 a.m. and from 4 to 5 p.m. for 6 wk. The level of melatonin in the morning and at nigh...

Designing spaces that are able to balance illumination, glare and solar gains over a whole year is a real challenge, yet a problem faced every day by building envelope designers. To assist them in this search, a full year, climate-based daylighting simulation method was developed, called Lightsolve, meant to be used early on in the design process when façade and space details have not yet been ...

Today’s predictions of visual comfort are based on high-quality physically-based visualization renderings. Unfortunately, designers and practitioners rarely realize the full benefit of physically-based lighting simulation due to the amount of time required for these simulations. Visual comfort analysis is generally performed late in the design process as a form of validation, if at all. We prop...

In China, existing buildings comprise more than 40 billion square meters, most being of high energy consumption. A substantial reduction in electrical energy costs could be obtained through greater use of daylight. Daylight varies widely due to the movement of sun, changing seasons and diverse weather conditions. Custom static daylight assessments, simulations represent only one time of the yea...