BACKGROUND Women can choose from a range of contraceptive methods that differ in important ways. Inadequate decision support may lead them to select a method that poorly fits their circumstances, leading to dissatisfaction, misuse, or nonuse. Decision support interventions, such as decision aids, may help women choose a method of contraception that best fits their personal circumstances. To gui...

BACKGROUND Consensus guidelines have recommended that decision aids include a process for helping patients clarify their values. We sought to examine the theoretical and empirical evidence related to the use of values clarification methods in patient decision aids. METHODS Building on the International Patient Decision Aid Standards (IPDAS) Collaboration's 2005 review of values clarification ...

Tunnels are subsurface passages which are often constructed without removing the overlying rock or soil. It follows that the lack of a priori knowledge of subsurface conditions poses major challenges in their preliminary design and planning. Considerable construction savings may be achieved through the proper collection and interpretation of information obtained through site exploration. Howeve...

The 2013 Institute of Medicine report investigating cancer care concluded that the cancer care delivery system is in crisis due to an increased demand for care, increasing complexity of treatment, decreasing work force, and rising costs. Engaging patients and incorporating evidence-based care into routine clinical practice are essential components of a high-quality cancer delivery system. Howev...

Warfighters are constantly challenged with increasingly complex mission environments, roles, and tasks, which require rapid and accurate decision making. Most current military and commercial decision aids leverage a single strategy: they retrieve and fuse information about well-defined objects and events for the user. Such aids effectively discourage users from considering contextual informatio...