Roads are pervasive features of modern landscapes and have major impacts on air, land, and water quality. The United States has >6.2 million km of public roads used by >200 million vehicles (National Research Council [NRC]1997). Road corridors (road plus maintained parallel strips) cover 1% of the United States (NRC 1997) but their direct environmental impacts extend to 20% of the land surface ...

Title of Document: SEPARATING THE EFFECTS OF GROUP SIZE, DENSITY, AND ENCLOSURE SIZE ON MOVEMENT AND USE OF SPACE IN DOMESTIC FOWL (Gallus gallus domesticus) Erin Hoerl Leone, Ph.D., 2008 Directed By: Professor Inmaculada Estevez, Department of Animal and Avian Science This project was designed to separate the confounded effects of group size, density, and enclosure size, and to examine the rol...

We study the topological and geographic structure of the national road networks of the United States, England, and Denmark. By transforming these networks into their dual representation, where roads are vertices and an edge connects two vertices if the corresponding roads ever intersect, we show that they exhibit both topological and geographic scale invariance. That is, we show that for suffic...

Networks Edge cost not a function of spatial dimensions, e.g., • World Wide Web • Email • Interaction networks • proteins, genes, cell-signals, etc. • species (predator-prey, host-parasite) • Social networks (sort of) Spatial Networks Edge cost is function of spatial separation, e.g., • Communication • wired and wireless transmission • Transportation • distributing resources or goods (pipes) • ...

A numerical investigation was carried out in order to predict the effects of symmetric heating on irregular acoustic streaming in air-filled shallow enclosures. The fluid motion is driven by periodic vibration of the enclosure left wall. The vertical walls of the enclosure are adiabatic while the horizontal walls are heated symmetrically. A control-volume method based, explicit time-marching Fl...

In this paper, a numerical model of rectangular enclosure with apertures and a real receiving dipole antenna is considered for the purpose of accurate electric shielding effectiveness calculation. Dipole antenna is often used in practice to measure the level of electromagnetic field at some points inside the enclosure in order to estimate its shielding efficiency. Transmission-line matrix (TLM)...

A convenient mathematical formulation is given for the absolute lowfrequency response of an electrodynamic direct radiator loudspeaker mounted in a vented or unvented enclosure. The combined effects of speaker Q (ratio of reactance to resistance), enclosure size, and enclosure tuning are shown to control the convergence of the response curve towards ts asymptotic value. Mathematical criteria ar...

children need to learn to use the roads safety. road safety is essential for children’s freedom, development and exercise. when walking near a road it is a good idea to: 1. hold your child's hand. 2. don't let them run ahead. 3. look out for and encourage your child to be aware of hidden entrances or driveways crossing the pavement. 4. put reins on a younger child if they're not ...

introduction: health care is one of the most important sectors in the development of each country and disparities in their distribution will reduce the level of development. the aim of this study was to examine the access to healthcare and degree of development in health care resources in the west of iran in 2011. method: this was a cross-sectional and retrospective study. the study setting was...

EM1 from slots and apertures resulting from coupling of interior sources through enclosure cavity modes in a Sun S-1000 workstation was investigated. The excitation of a specially designed rectangular enclosure with a slot was also studied experimentally and with finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations. The radiated power results for both the S-1000 and simple rectangular enclosure ind...