Desalination as a sample preparation step is essential for noise reduction and reproducibility of mass spectrometry measurements. A specific example is the analysis of proteins for medical research and clinical applications. Salts and buffers that are present in samples need to be removed before analysis to improve the signal-to-noise ratio. Capacitive deionization is an electrostatic desalinat...

In this study, a novel functionalized graphene oxide (fGO) is proposed for application in water desalination. The fGO obtained with simple and scalable method. Pristine GO (2-(acryloyloxy)ethyl)trimethylammonium through two-step functionalization. Then, it mixed activated carbon coated onto metallic current collector. Material characterization techniques such as electron microscopy, thermal ana...

Severe freshwater shortages and global pollution make selective removal of target ions from solutions great significance for water purification resource recovery. Capacitive deionization (CDI) removes charged molecules by applying a low applied electric field across the electrodes has received much attention due to its lower energy consumption sustainability. Its application been expanding in p...

A method for concentrating dissolved ions is presented which, in combination with current x-ray fluorescence methods, can yield limits of detection in the low to mid part-per-billion range. This method relies upon the fundamental principles of capacitive deionization, where an electrical double-layer capacitor is used to temporarily capture dissolved ions in a semi-selective manner. The efficie...

As water shortage has become a serious global problem, capacitive deionization (CDI) with high energy efficiency and low cost, is considered as a promising desalination technique to solve this problem. To date, CDI electrodes are mainly made up of porous carbon materials. However, the electrosorption performance obtained by now still cannot meet the demand of practical application. Therefore, a...

Capacitive deionization (CDI) is a promising desalination technology, which operates at low pressure, low temperature, requires little infrastructure, and has the potential to consume less energy for brackish water desalination. However, CDI devices consume significantly more energy than the theoretical thermodynamic minimum, and this is at least partly due to resistive power dissipation. We he...

Capacitive deionization (CDI) is a fast-emerging water desalination technology in which a small cell voltage of ~1 V across porous carbon electrodes removes salt from feedwaters via electrosorption. In flow-through electrode (FTE) CDI cell architecture, feedwater is pumped through macropores or laser perforated channels in porous electrodes, enabling highly compact cells with parallel flow and ...

Understanding over-limiting current (faster than diffusion) is a long-standing challenge in electrochemistry with applications in desalination and energy storage. Known mechanisms involve either chemical or hydrodynamic instabilities in unconfined electrolytes. Here, it is shown that over-limiting current can be sustained by surface conduction in nanopores, without any such instabilities, and u...

The potential ability of lasers to control lightning can be improved by using a train of pulses with submillisecond separations. Laser-triggered experiments in a small-scale ͑10-mm gap͒ atmospheric discharge facility show that the triggering is dramatically enhanced when a five-pulse train of sub-Joule energy is used instead of a single pulse. This effect increases rapidly as the pulse interval i...