Recently, high resistance to pyrethroid insecticides has been associated with ineffective field treatments against Triatoma infestans (Klug) (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) in northern Argentina. Samples were collected from two areas in Argentina (Salta and La Rioja) and one are in Bolivia (Yacuiba), and they were subjected to toxicological and biochemical assays. All populations were resistant to delt...

Pyrethroids are neurotoxic pesticides whose pharmacokinetic behavior plays a role in their potency. This study examined the elimination of esfenvalerate and deltamethrin from rat and human liver microsomes. A parent depletion approach in the presence and absence of NADPH was used to assess species differences in biotransformation pathways, rates of elimination, and intrinsic hepatic clearance. ...

Two new genes in the cytochrome P450 (CYP6) family 6 with complete coding sequences were cloned and sequenced from deltamethrin-resistant Anopheles minimus, a major malaria vector in Thailand. CYP6P5 encodes a protein of 508 amino acids, while CYP6AA2 contains 505 residues. Each encoded protein contains a hydrophobic N-terminal region and a highly conserved heme-binding region typical of P450s....

OBJECTIVE To study the metabolism of 14C-deltamethrin in rats. METHODS Rats were dosed orally and i.p. with a single dose of 14C-deltamethrin (0.64 mg/Kg) body weight. The required dose was applied daily for 3 days. At the end of the experiment, selected organs, such as liver, kidney, fat, intestine, and blood were excised for radioassay of 14C-content. RESULTS Deltamethrin was almost elimi...

Pyrethroid insecticides are the front line vector control tools used in bed nets to reduce malaria transmission and its burden. However, resistance in major vectors such as Anopheles arabiensis is posing a serious challenge to the success of malaria control. Herein, we elucidated the molecular and biochemical basis of pyrethroid resistance in a knockdown resistance-free Anopheles arabiensis pop...

To assess the exposure response relation of pyrethroids in spraymen, 50 adult male cotton growers were selected and divided into three groups, one group to spray pyrethroids for one day, two groups to spray for three days. Deltamethrin, fenvalerate, and a deltamethrin methamidophos mixture were sprayed by appropriate subgroups for five hours a day. Exposure levels were evaluated by measuring th...

Highly phosphine-resistant populations of Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) have recently been found in Oklahoma grain storage facilities. These Þndings necessitate development of a phosphine resistance management strategy to ensure continued effective use of phosphine. Therefore, we investigated the efÞcacies of tw...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Phlebotomus argentipes is the vector for visceral leishmaniasis in India. The development of resistance in kala-azar vector to DDT has been reported from various parts of India. The main objective of this study was to generate information on insecticides susceptibility status of P. argentipes to DDT, malathion and deltamethrin in different parts in three states of India....

Field populations of Triatoma infestans Klug were collected during 2002 from four villages in northern Argentina (El Chorro, La Toma, El Sauzal, and Salvador Mazza), after application of deltamethrin and other pyrethroids was ineffective. High levels of resistance to the pyrethroid insecticides deltamethrin, beta-cypermethrin, beta-cyfluthrin, and lambda-cyhalothrin were detected in all of the ...

Acaricidal resistance studies were carried out Department of Veterinary Parasitology in Udaipur to detect status against commonly used commercial acaricides, 1.25% Butox® (Deltamethrin) and 10% w/v DERMEEZ® (Cypermethrin) ticks collected from three villages (Vallabhnagar, Ranchorpura Kikawas) Udaipur, Rajasthan using Adult Immersion test (AIT) Larval packet (LPT). Recommended concentration acar...