Women at high risk of developing breast cancer are prescribed selective estrogen response modulators, including raloxifene, as chemoprevention. Patients often seek complementary and alternative treatment modalities, including herbal products, to supplement prescribed medications. Milk thistle preparations, including silibinin and silymarin, are top-selling herbal products that may be consumed b...

Silybum marianum is the scientific name of milk thistle. For centuries, it used to treat hepatitis, cirrhosis, jaundice, diabetes, and indigestion. The bioactive agents thistle contain Apigenin, silybin, betaine, free fatty acids, silychristin, silidianin. Objective: To determine potential (milk thistle) in non-alcoholic liver disease patients. Methods: It was a cross-sectional experimental bas...

H. Fallah Huseini*, B. Larijani, R. Heshmat, H. Fakhrzadeh, B. Radjabipour, T. Toliat and Mohsin Raza Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR Tehran, Iran Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sci...

Silymarin (standardized extract from the seeds of the Silybum marianum) has been used in the supportive therapy of liver diseases and its cytoprotective activity is believed to be based on antioxidant properties. Our previous works showed hypolipidemic effects of silymarin. The ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters G5 and G8 play a major role in biliary cholesterol secretion. The ABCA1 transp...

The standardized extract contains flavonolignans, collectively referred to as silymarin. Sometimes the extract itself is called “silymarin”, which can lead to confusion over dosage since the level of flavonolignans (silymarin) in the extract is typically 60 to 80%, depending on the test methodology used. The main flavonolignans found in the extract are silybin (silibin), silychristin, silydiani...

The gram-scale isolation of the major flavonolignan diastereoisomers from milk thistle ( Silybum marianum) extract provided an entree into the isolation of two related analogues that are present in extremely minute quantities. The isolation and structure elucidation of these two new compounds, which we have termed isosilybin C and isosilybin D due to their structural similarities to isosilybin ...

Background: This study was conducted to determine the efficacy of milk thistle seeds (MTSs) in counteracting the toxic effects of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in a contaminated diet fed to broilers.Methods: Two dietary inclusion rates of AFB1 (0, 0.250 and 500 ppb) and MTS (0, 0.5 and 1%) were tested in a 3×3 factorial manner. The effect of nine experimental treatments was assessed using 216 one-d-old R...

The effect of new synthetic pyrazinecarboxamide derivatives as potential elicitors of flavonolignan and flavonoid production in Silybum marianum and Ononis arvensis cultures in vitro was investigated. Both tested elicitors increased the production of flavonolignans in S. marianum callus and suspension cultures and flavonoids in O. arvensis callus and suspension cultures. Compound I, 5-(2-hydrox...