The vision of Culex quinquefasciatus was studied in the laboratory. The attractiveness of colors (black, white, brown, yellow, blue, a skin tone) was evaluated with respect to the collection of Cx. quinquefasciatus in natural light, in the dark, and in ultraviolet light. Culex quinquefasciatus prefers both black and brown in natural light and ultraviolet light, but, as expected, there is no pre...

Watermarking of printed materials has usually focused on process inks of cyan, magenta, yellow and black (CMYK). In packaging, almost three out of four printed materials include spot colors. Spot colors are special premixed inks, which can be produced in a vibrant range of colors, often outside the CMYK color gamut. In embedding a watermark into printed material, a common approach is to modify ...

This paper describes a novel method for finding colorant amounts for which a printer will produce a requested color appearance based on constrained optimization. An error function defines the gamut mapping method and black replacement method. The constraints limit the feasible solution region to the device gamut and prevent exceeding the maximum total area coverage. Colorant values correspondin...

INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Seed-coat color types. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pigments responsible for seed-coat colors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...

In this article, the corresponding-color data for complex images reproduced on different media were obtained by simultaneous matching using an adjustment method. In our experiment printed color images and images displayed on a monitor were compared in different viewing conditions. The viewing condition varied in surround relative luminance and background. The experimental data show that surroun...

Open lichen woodlands (LWs) are degraded stands that lack the ability to regenerate naturally due to a succession of natural and/or anthropogenic disturbances. As they represent both interesting forest restoration and carbon sequestration opportunities, we tested disc scarification and planting of two sizes of containerized black spruce (Picea mariana Mill. (BSP)) seedlings for their afforestat...

In early 2015, the debate of blue-black and white-gold color perception from "the dress" became an overnight internet phenomenon. According to the vote from the online social network Twitter, more people observed white-gold colors than those who observed blue-black colors. Biological explanations have been proposed by neurologist and other scientists, most of which mainly focus on the bias of c...

Survival and growth of white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) seedlings raised as 4 different-sized container stock types were followed on 5 harvested sites in the Cache Creek drainage of interior Alaska. Stock types evaluated were 1-0 Ray Leach Pine Cells® (65 cm3, 4 in3) and 1-0 Styroblock® sizes 313B (65 cm3, 4 in3), 415B (98 cm3, 6 in3), and 415D (164 cm3, 10 in3). After 5 y, survival an...

chickpea fall planting may increase seed yield in comparison with spring planting due to the increased duration of growing period and increased water use efficiency. the most important problem with fall planting is the danger of occurrence of plant death and decreased seed yield quantitatively and qualitatively due to the cold stress. the major strategy in breeding program is development of gen...