A novel kinetic and membrane-binding assay for phospholipase A2 (PLA2) has been developed utilizing phospholipid-coated hydrophobic styrene-divinylbenzene beads (5.2 +/- 0.3 microm diameter). Phospholipids formed a stable monolayer film on styrene-divinylbenzene beads with average surface packing density of (1.3 +/- 0.2) x 10(-2) molecule/A2. Secretory PLA2 readily hydrolyzed 1-palmitoyl-2-[3H]...

BACKGROUND Lipid-based liquid crystalline nanoparticles (LCNPs) have attracted growing interest as novel drug-delivery systems for improving the bioavailability of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs. However, their cellular interaction and in vivo behavior have not been fully developed and characterized. METHODS In this study, self-assembled LCNPs prepared from soy phosphatidylcholine and...

We previously observed a 38 kDa protein that was a major protein component of the cytosolic extract of pig granulocytes and the dominant substrate of protein kinase C at supra-physiological Ca2+ concentrations. The purified 38 kDa protein itself required Ca2+ to be phosphorylated by protein kinase C. Now we demonstrate that this protein, which is also present in human granulocytes, is identical...

The effect of rat liver phosphatidylcholine transfer protein on the incorporation of CDP-choline and dioleoylglycerol into phosphatidylcholine catalyzed by rat liver microsomal CDP-choline: 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol cholinephosphotransferase was studied. In the presence of phosphatidylcholine transfer protein, the incorporation of CDP-choline into phosphatidylcholine was markedly stimulated. Phosp...

Hormone-sensitive lipase and cholesterol ester hydrolase of chicken adipose tissue were markedly activated by adenosine 3’:5’-monophosphate (CAMP)-dependent protein kinase (on the average, 235 to 275%); occasionally as much as 1000%). Diglyceride and monoglyceride hydrolases were also activated, but to a lesser extent (60 to 87%). The activation of all four hydrolases was inhibited by protein k...

One of the early events a sociated with the treatment of cells by tumor promotor phorbol esters is the tight association of protein kinase C to the plasma membrane. To better understand the factors that regulate this process, phorbol ester-induced membrane binding of protein kinase C was studied using homogenates, as well as isolated membranes and purified enzyme. Addition of 12-O-tetradecanoyl...

To study the role of protein kinase C (PKC) and its substrates in neuronal function, we have investigated the in vitro endogenous phosphorylation of the neuronal phosphoprotein F1 after induction of synaptic plasticity by long-term potentiation (LTP). The protein F1 phosphorylation was found to increase 5 min (Routtenberg et al., 1985), 1 hr (Lovinger et al., 1986) and 3 d (Lovinger et al., 198...

Hormone-sensitive lipase from rat adipose tissue was solubilized with nonionic detergent and purified 2,000fold to 50% protein purity by repeated gradient sievorptive chromatography on diethyL(2-hydroxypropy1)aminoethyl-Sephadex and by affinity chromatography on triacylglycerol-containing polyacrylamideagarose gel. The identity of the enzyme protein, a polypeptide with M, = 84,000 by polyacryla...

A triacylglycerol lipase, presumably the first enzyme involved in the mobilization of lipid from the insect fat body, has been purified to homogeneity from the fat body of Manduca sexta. The purification procedure involved polyethyleneglycol precipitation, and chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, phenyl-Sepharose, Q-Sepharose and hydroxylapatite. The final product, a protein with an M(r) = 76,000 ...

Transbilayer lipid motion in membranes may be important in certain physiological events, such as ceramide signaling. In this study, the transbilayer redistribution of lipids induced either by ceramide addition or by enzymatic ceramide generation at one side of the membrane has been monitored using pyrene-labeled phospholipid analogs. When added in organic solution to preformed liposomes, egg ce...