OBJECTIVES The objective was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of dexamethasone versus prednisone for the treatment of pediatric asthma exacerbations in the emergency department (ED). METHODS This was a cost-effectiveness analysis using a decision analysis model to compare two oral steroid options for pediatric asthma patients: 5 days of oral prednisone and 2 days of oral dexamethasone (with...

introduction: hospitals as important sector of health care system has special location in health economic science. increasing of the operational costs in hospital and limitation in financing cause that hospital as an economic firm use cost analysis and prepare effective using of resource and boost productivity. therefore this study was conducted to calculate daily- patient hotel cost in hospita...

this paper proposes an optimal power flow (opf) algorithm by direct load control (dlc) programs to optimize the operational cost of smart grids considering various scenarios based on different constraints. the cost function includes active power production cost of available power sources and a novel flexible load curtailment cost associated with dlc programs. the load curtailment cost is based ...

BACKGROUNDS AND AIMS To compare direct costs of four different care models and health outcomes in adults with type 2 diabetes. METHODS AND RESULTS We used multiple independent data sources to identify 25,570 adults with type 2 diabetes residing in Turin, Italy, as of 1 July 2003. Data extracted from administrative data databases were used to create four care models ranging in organization fro...

BACKGROUND chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) has been commonly reported as one of the most distressing adverse effects among treated patients with cancer. Inadequately treated, CINV can lead to increased resource utilization and severely impair patients' daily functioning and quality of life. Direct costs include acquisition cost of antiemetic drugs and rescue medication, administ...