Interindividual response variability to various motor-cortex stimulation protocols has been recently reported. Comparative data of stimulation protocols with different modes of action is lacking. We aimed to compare the efficacy and response variability of two LTP-inducing stimulation protocols in the human motor cortex: anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (a-tDCS) and paired-associa...

A new design methodology for a model reference adaptive controller (MRAC) is presented, which is applied to a brushed direct current (DC) motor with pendular load, whose exact model is unknown. This controller is designed for the trajectory tracking control problem, and the respective convergence analysis is presented. In order to avoid singularities in the controller equations, projectors are ...

There is evidence that noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS), and especially transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), can improve some cognitive functions, at least temporarily. However, as the improvement only applies to some "lucky" people, it may raise ethical, social and legal issues related to fairness in selective contexts (exams, competitions, job interviews). In this regard, an im...

This publication is a follow-up study to MTI publication 00-01, Why Campaigns for Local Transportation Funding Initiatives Succeed or Fail: An Analysis of Four Communities and National Data. The earlier publication was case studies of four local ballot tax measures for transportation packages. The current study, Factors Influencing Voting Results of Local Transportation Funding Initiatives with...

A new CCII-based circuit for the simulation of mutually coupled circuits is presented. The circuit uses six commercially available plus-type secondgeneration current conveyors (CCIIþs), six resistors and two grounded capacitors. The primary self-inductance, the secondary self-inductance and the mutual inductance can be independently controlled using three different resistors. SPICE simulation r...

Nitsche MA, Doemkes S, Karaköse T, Antal A, Liebetanz D, Lang N, Tergau F, Paulus W. Shaping the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation of the human motor cortex. J Neurophysiol 97: 3109 –3117, 2007. First published January 24, 2007; doi:10.1152/jn.01312.2006. Transcranial DC stimulation (tDCS) induces stimulation polarity-dependent neuroplastic excitability shifts in the human brai...

Background: Panic disorder (PD) is characterized primarily by the presence of recurrent and unexpected panic attacks, followed by at least one month of persistent concern about other attacks, the possible consequences of attacks and a significant behavioral change related to the attacks. The neurocircuitry of fear includes two pathways for processing of sensory information. Transcranial direct ...

transcranial current stimulation (tcs) is a neuromodulation method in which the patient is exposed to a mild electric current (direct or alternating) at 1-2 ma, resulting in an increase or a decrease in the brain excitability. this modi.cation in neural activities can be used as a method for functional human brain mapping with causal inferences. this method might also facilitate the treatments ...

Background and aim: In spite of the existance of different types of treatment for cutaneous leishmaniasis, an efficient, safe and cheap treatment has not been found yet. There are some studies showing antiparasiticidal effect of direct current electricity both in vivo and in vitro. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of electrotherapy in treatment of cutaneous leishmani...

Hemorrhoids is one of the most common diseases of mankind. There are different methods of treatment, but many problems and complications are associated with the use these modalities. DC electrotherapy of hemorrhoids is an alternative method which offsets many of these conditions. Two hundred and ten patients with 426 hemorrhoidal tags of different grades underwent DC electrotherapy by a DC ...