This paper seeks to develop a research proposal in the field of political risk assessment (PRA) in the context of the “Visegrad Four” countries. A literature review – both theoretical and empirical – is presented; based on which the research framework is developed. Previous studies are concerned mostly with PRA in the context of developed countries, and those in the context of transition and em...

Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have become entrenched as the dominant anticoagulant over last decade for patients with venous thrombosis and atrial fibrillation.1 Compared to warfarin, bleeding risk is similar or lower on DOACs but clinically relevant still a risk, especially impaired organ function.2