In this paper, Lagrange interpolation in Chebyshev-Gauss-Lobatto nodes is used to develop a procedure for finding discrete and continuous approximate solutions of a singular boundary value problem. At first, a continuous time optimization problem related to the original singular boundary value problem is proposed. Then, using the Chebyshev- Gauss-Lobatto nodes, we convert the continuous time op...

The genetic basis of weedy and invasive traits and their evolution remain poorly understood, but genomic approaches offer tremendous promise for elucidating these important features of weed biology. However, the genomic tools and resources available for weed research are currently meager compared with those available for many crops. Because genomic methodologies are becoming increasingly access...

Energy is very important nowadays and it has become essential for human life. More amount of energy necessary a community with increased living standards population. This causes an increase in consumption. one the most significant problems across world today; therefore, should be generated at best level. Excessive generation makes countries lose money while less crises. Therefore, need to adjus...

Many methods have been developed for structural size and configuration optimization in which cross-sectional areas are usually assumed to be continuous. In most practical structural engineering design problems, however, the design variables are discrete. This paper proposes two efficient structural optimization methods based on the harmony search (HS) heuristic algorithm that treat both discret...

In the present study, a two-step approach for damage prognosis in long trusses is suggested in which the first step deals with locating probable damages by wavelet transform (WT) and static deflection derived from modal data with the intention of declining the subsequent inverse problem variables. Then, in the second step, optimization based model updating method using Artificial Bee Colony (AB...

This paper proposes designing of Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC) based damping controller to enhance the stability of a Single Machine Infinite Bus (SMIB) system by means of Invasive Weed Optimization (IWO) technique. Conventional PI controller is used as the SSSC damping controller which takes rotor speed deviation as the input. The damping controller parameters are tuned based on...

in this paper the problem of minimizing the total transmitting power subject to a fixedtotal bit rate in ofdm systems is considered. upper bounds on transmitting power and bit rate ofeach subcarrier can also be taken into account. in practice, the number of bits of each subcarriershould be integer and nonnegative. in this paper an analytical optimal solution is derived for thecase of assuming t...

Nowadays, effort estimation in software projects is turned to one of the key concerns for project managers. In fact, accurately estimating of essential effort to produce and improve a software product is effective in software projects success or fail, which is considered as a vital factor. Lack of access to satisfying accuracy and little flexibility in existing estimation models have attracted ...