This paper presents the formant data on the three Yongding Hakka vowels [i a ]. Results of a spectral analysis show (i) F2 for the vowel [a] is larger for Yongding Hakka than other Chinese dialects, due probably to the ‘nudging effect’ of the mid centralization of the historical */u/; (ii) the Yongding Hakka // has the F-pattern of a schwa; and (iii) the F-pattern of the Yongding Hakka // is...

Affected by rapid urbanization, the spatial layout of rural residential land (RRL) is facing urgent reconstruction and adjustment. The study change patterns RRL can provide a basis for optimization Pinggu Beijing was chosen as area. Taking into account characteristics from 2005 to 2015, combination matrix method developed identify patterns. distribution under different environmental gradients w...

We present a simple fiber-based single-arm spectral interferometer to measure directly the second-order dispersion parameter of short lengths of fiber (< 50 cm). The standard deviation of the measured dispersion on a 39.5-cm-long SMF28(TM) fiber is 1x10(-4) ps/nm, corresponding to 1% relative error, without employing any curve fitting. Our technique measures the second-order dispersion by exami...

Title of dissertation: PRODUCTIVITY DISPERSION, PLANT SIZE, AND MARKET STRUCTURE Sasan Bakhtiari, Doctor of Philosophy, 2008 Dissertation directed by: Professor John Haltiwanger Department of Economics Ample evidence from micro data suggests that productivity at establishment level is dominated by idiosyncratic factors. The productivity differences across establishments are very large and persi...

This paper addresses the large degree of frictional wage dispersion in US data. The standard job matching model without on-the-job search cannot replicate this pattern. With on-the-job search, however, unemployed job searchers are more willing to accept low wage offers since they can continue to seek for better employment opportunities. This explains why observably identical workers may be paid...

Tracer responses in gas-liquid, two-phase flow through a fractured layer are discussed. Experiments were carried out using a glass bead bed in a cylinder. In the results, over a wide range of flow conditions of particle size, fluids-flow velocity, and water saturation (Sw), one of three types of liquidand gas-flow pattern was obtained: a single-phase (water) flow with entrapped gases, a bubble ...

We show the real-space observation of fast and slow pulses propagating inside a photonic crystal waveguide by time-resolved near-field scanning optical microscopy. Local phase and group velocities of modes are measured. For a specific optical frequency we observe a localized pattern associated with a flat band in the dispersion diagram. During at least 3 ps, movement of this field is hardly dis...

We demonstrate third-harmonic generation (THG) in a dispersion-engineered slow-light photonic crystal waveguide fabricated in AMTIR-1 chalcogenide glass. Owing to the relatively low loss and low dispersion in the slow-light (c/30) regime, combined with the high nonlinear figure of merit of the material (∼2), we obtain a relatively large conversion efficiency (1.4×10(-8)/W(2)), which is 30× high...

A double ultrasonic source has been shown to dramatically increase dispersion efficiency of carbon nanotubes. Thermal measurements of dispersing fluid only show temperature rises commensurate with the power levels of the two ultrasonic sources; which is validated by predictions of statistical energy analysis (SEA) based on wave superposition principles. In this paper, nonlinear wave resonance c...