A microtiter-based assay system is described in which DNA hairpin probes with dangling ends and single-stranded, linear DNA probes were immobilized and compared based on their ability to capture single-strand target DNA. Hairpin probes consisted of a 16 bp duplex stem, linked by a T(2)-biotin.dT-T(2) loop. The third base was a biotinylated uracil (U(B)) necessary for coupling to avidin coated m...

Background: The ultrasonography probes are cleaned by absorbent soft, dry cloth. This question arose whether linear and convex ultrasound probes coupling with gel could perform as a means for nosocomial infections transmission, and which method is economical and more efficient for cleaning the probes. This study was conducted to answer these questions. Methods: One hundred – ninety two patients...

background and purpose: salmonella is a group of enterobacterias that cause infectious diseases in human and animals. typhoid, bacteremia, enterocolitis and salmonellosis which are caused by this bacterium are considered major health concerns in developing countries, such as iran. quick, accurate, reliable and early diagnosis is vital to prevent salmonella outbreak. materials and methods: there...

Stem-loop (hairpin) DNA oligomer probes provide increased specificity of target recognition as compared with linear DNA probes. Invention of molecular beacons, a variant of stem-loop oligonucleotides, which are able to fluoresce upon hybridization but are ‘‘dark’’ in the absence of the target, made possible real-time monitoring of hybridization process. A variety of robust assays using diverse,...

Advances in the molecular biology of spermatogenesis suggest that DNA probes can be used to monitor the effects of toxic agents in male germ cells of mammals. Molecular hybridization analyses with DNA probes can provide a reproducible methodology capable of detecting changes ranging from massive deletions to single base pair substitutions in the genome of exposed individuals. A constantly incre...

This study reports the hybridization kinetics of double-stranded DNA probes for rapid molecular analysis. Molecular binding schemes based on double-stranded DNA probes have been developed for quantitative detection of various biomolecules, such as nucleic acids and DNA binding proteins recently. The thermodynamic competition between the target and the competitor in binding to the probe provides...

DNA probes with conjugated minor groove binder (MGB) groups form extremely stable duplexes with single-stranded DNA targets, allowing shorter probes to be used for hybridization based assays. In this paper, sequence specificity of 3'-MGB probes was explored. In comparison with unmodified DNA, MGB probes had higher melting temperature (T(m)) and increased specificity, especially when a mismatch ...

A critical step in biochip design is the selection of probes with identical hybridisation characteristics. In this article we describe a novel method for evaluating DNA hybridisation probes, allowing the fine-tuning of biochips, that uses cassettes with multiple probes. Each cassette contains probes in equimolar proportions so that their hybridisation performance can be assessed in a single rea...

by application of modern recombinant dna technology, especially the polymerase chain reaction (pcr)/dot-blot hybridization techniques, we have investigated the molecular basis of β-thalassemia from four different regions of iran: central, south-east, south and north. in this study, the dna samples were isolated from patients and for the identification of the mutations, the 6 oligonucleotide pro...

The first transition-metal complex-based two-photon absorbing luminescence lifetime probes for cellular DNA are presented. This allows cell imaging of DNA free from endogenous fluorophores and potentially facilitates deep tissue imaging. In this initial study, ruthenium(II) luminophores are used as phosphorescent lifetime imaging microscopy (PLIM) probes for nuclear DNA in both live and fixed c...