Despite growing interest in controlled-release N fertilizers (CRNFs) because of their potential for enhancing nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and economic returns, comprehensive impact on machine-transplanted rice remains to be understudied. To address this gap, here, we present a two-year field experiment that assessed the CRNF using mechanical deep placement fertilization (DPF) cultivation. The...

The use of diesel engines has increased dramatically in recent years, as the number exhaust emissions. These emissions have potential to endanger Mother Nature and living species within it. Governments all over world introduced legislative rules on emission reduction order limit released into environment through global sustainable development technologies. This compelled automobile manufacturer...

Nicotine is a drug of abuse that has been reported to have many adverse effects on the developing nervous system. We previously demonstrated that embryonic exposure to nicotine alters axonal pathfinding of spinal secondary motoneurons in zebrafish. We hypothesize that these changes will persist into adulthood. The Tg(isl1:GFP) line of zebrafish, which expresses green fluorescent protein (GFP) i...

The organogenesis of the digestive system was described in the Amazonian pimelodid catfish species Pseudoplatystoma punctifer from hatching (3.5 mm total length, TL) to 41 days post-fertilization (dpf) (58.1 mm TL) reared at 28°C. Newly hatched larvae showed a simple digestive tract, which appeared as a straight undifferentiated and unfolded tube lined by a single layer of columnar epithelial c...

BACKGROUND The scales of bony fish represent a significant reservoir of calcium and calcification of the elasmoid scale is known to be associated with deposition of mineral crystals from the epidermis to dermis. However, little is known about the exact mechanisms of calcium deposition, mobilization and regeneration occurring in the zebrafish skin. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to in...

The effect of hypoxia on air-breathing onset and survival was determined in larvae of the air-breathing fishes, the three spot gourami Trichopodus trichopterus and the Siamese fighting fish Betta splendens. Larvae were exposed continuously or intermittently (12 h nightly) to an oxygen partial pressure (PO2 ) of 20, 17 and 14 kPa from 1 to 40 days post-fertilization (dpf). Survival and onset of ...

The zebrafish has significant advantages for studying the morphological development of the brain. However, little is known about the functional development of the zebrafish brain. We used patch clamp electrophysiology in live animals to investigate the emergence of excitability in cerebellar Purkinje cells, functional maturation of the cerebellar circuit, and establishment of sensory input to t...

We describe the design of DPF, an explicit-state model checker for database-backed web applications. DPF interposes between the program and the database layer, and precisely tracks the effects of queries made to the database. We experimentally explore several implementation choices for the model checker: stateful vs. stateless search, state storage and backtracking strategies, and dynamic parti...

Nanomaterials are used in many different industries such as cosmetics, food, clothing, and electronics. There is increasing concern that exposure to nanoparticles (NPs) during pregnancy can adversely affect fetal development. It is well known that the size, charge, and chemistry of a nanoparticle can modulate embryological development. The role that particle morphology plays on early developmen...

The development of a dense plasma focus (DPF) propulsion device using p-B is described. A propulsion system of this type is attractive because of its high thrust-to-weight ratio capabilities at high specific impulses. From a fuel standpoint, p-B is advantageous because of the aneutronic nature of the reaction, which is favorable for the production of thrust since the charged particles can be ch...