The conventional vehicles in the past had consisted of mechanical differential which converts the engine torque in to two directions. Due to the introduction of electric vehicle the vehicle propulsion system has changed from combustion engine to electric motor. Since the concept of differential is a must have component to drive a vehicle, it is still used in electric vehicles as well. Common me...

Despite the widespread availability of airbags and a belt use rate of over 85%, U.S. drivers involved in crashes continue to be at risk of serious thoracic injury. One hypothesis is that this risk may be due to the lack of airbag deployment or the airbag ‘bottoming-out’ in some cases. The objective of this study is to determine the incidence and thoracic injury risk of direct steering wheel con...

An investigation on the robustness of a torque vectoring control based on an inverse disturbance observer architecture for a rear wheel driven vehicle with electric single wheel drives is presented within this contribution. To ensure robust control parameters, specifications for eigenvalues (Γ-stability) and bounds on weighted sensitivity and complementary sensitivity functions in frequency dom...

In this thesis, I present some novel results pertaining to the relationship between two popular and interesting information aggregation methods: the Condorcet and Borda tallies. I present numerical results showing how the much simpler Borda tally can be used to approximate the outcome of the Condorcet tally with high probability in certain circumstances, a proof that there exist classes of prob...

this paper deals with the threshold radius that warrants the use of single restraining rail for transit and railroads. different railways use different threshold radius from 91m to 365m to provide restraining rail. these threshold figures are probably experience driven choices. the need for restraining rail may be related to a so-called derailment alarm coefficient of 1.2 sustained over 2m leng...

In this paper, a robust wheel slip control system based on a sliding mode controller is proposed for improving traction-ability and reducing energy consumption during sudden acceleration for a personal electric vehicle. Sliding mode control techniques have been employed widely in the development of a robust wheel slip controller of conventional internal combustion engine vehicles due to their a...

In recent years the re-use of already existing solutions and ideas has become more and more crucial. Re-inventing the wheel over and over again is not feasible. Especially model based development approaches suffer from the lack of libraries populated with existing solutions and ideas which must just be tweaked in order to applicable to different context of use. Patterns have the potential to ov...