background: drug addiction is known as a health, therapeutic, and social problem of the recent century. recent studies have shown that young people have little resistance against drugs, but they have the ability to understand and accept the risk of using drugs. this study has been done among students to determine the preventive behaviors of drug addiction based on the health belief model. metho...

In his Norman Kerr Memorial Lecture on " Drug Addiction " Sir William Willcox said that the commonest cause of addiction in the citizen classes was undoubtedly the prescription of the drug for medical purposes. It was to be feared that after operations drugs were too often given as a routine practice, without sufficient regard to the dangers of toxic action and the development of addiction dise...

This review will discuss the latest knowledge of how the endocannabinoid system might be involved in treating addiction to the most common illicit drugs. Experimental models are providing increasing evidence for the pharmacological management of endocannabinoid signaling not only to block the direct reinforcing effects of cannabis, opioids, nicotine and ethanol, but also for preventing relapse ...

BFood addiction^ is an emerging area, and behavioral and biological overlaps have been observed between eating and addictive disorders. Potential misconceptions about applying an addiction framework to problematic eating behavior may inhibit scientific progress. Critiques of Bfood addiction^ that focus on descriptive differences between overeating and illicit drugs are similar to early criticis...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Recent work has studied addictions using a matrix measure, which taps multiple addictions through single responses for each type. This is the first longitudinal study using a matrix measure. METHODS We investigated the use of this approach among former alternative high school youth (average age = 19.8 years at baseline; longitudinal n = 538) at risk for addictions. Lifetim...

occur with the transition from occasional drug use to pathological abuse and addiction are only partially un-La Jolla, California 92037 derstood as yet. To reach a more complete understanding , these events will have to be integrated with the animal models of the different elements of the addiction Human addictions are chronically relapsing disorders process, including models of the transition ...

There is overwhelming evidence that addiction is a disease_of the brain (Leshner, 1997). Yet public perception that addiction is a reflection of moral weakness or a lack of willpower persists. The insidious consequence of this perception is that we lose sight of the fact that there are enormous medical consequences of addiction including the fact that a large fra'ction of the total deaths from ...

The National Institute on Drug Abuse was founded in 1974, and since that time there have been significant advances in understanding the processes by which drugs of abuse cause addiction. The initial protein targets for almost all drugs of abuse are now known. Animal models that replicate key features of addiction are available, and these models have made it possible to characterize the brain re...

Addiction is a debilitating psychiatric disorder, with a complex aetiology involving the interaction of inherited predispositions and environmental factors. Emerging evidence suggests that epigenetic alterations to the genome, including DNA methylation and histone modifications, are important mechanisms underlying addiction and the neurobiological response to addictive substances. In this revie...

results addiction potential was positively related to personality characteristics. we found that those with the highest addiction potential (47%) exhibited the following 3 traits: char­acteristics of schizophrenia, psychological exhaustion, and depression. conclusions there were no significant differences in the addiction potential among the students with respect to grade, field of study, age, ...