This study investigates the markdown pricing strategies for a manufacturer and retailer in two-period dual-channel supply chain, where sells its products via own direct channel an independent retail to strategic consumers who may wait markdowns. A game is developed systematically optimal regular prices under four cases, i.e. , no both channels, only channel, markdowns channels. By comparing dif...

This paper considers tripartite games in a dual-channel supply chain which involves manufacturer, an offline retailer and online retailer. Both competition cooperation issues are analyzed. In the model, Stackelberg game between manufacturer two retailers Bertrand occur simultaneously. It is shown that channel attracts more consumers’ purchase preference charged higher wholesale price it meanwhi...

This paper studies a two-stage dual-channel supply chain composed of one manufacturer and one traditional retailer. The manufacturer has its own online channel when he sells its product to the offline retailer. There exists a Stackelberg game between the manufacturer and the traditional retailer, in which the manufacturer is the leader and the traditional retailer is the follower. The manufactu...

Westudy a dual-channel supply chain under decentralized setting in which manufacturer sells to retailer and to customers directly usingan online channel. A customer chooses the purchase-channel based on price and service quality. Also, to buy product from the retail store, the customer incurs a transportation cost influenced by the fluctuating gasoline cost. Both companies are under the revenue...