It has been known that giant DNA shows structural transitions in aqueous solutions under the existence of counterions and other polymers. However, the mechanism of these transitions has not been fully understood. In this study, we directly observed structures of probed (dye-labeled), dilute DNA chains in unprobed DNA/polyethylene glycol (PEG)/monovalent salt (NaCl) aqueous solutions with fluore...

Intracellular transport and secretion of fibroin in the posterior silk gland cells of the silkworm, Bombyx mori, were investigated in relation to the radial microtubule and circular microtubule-microfilament systems of the cells. The silk glands were pulse-labelled for 3 min with [3H]glycine in vitro and then chased in media containing excess cold glycine and in some cases antimitotic reagents ...

The lipid globules in the neurones of Helix aspersa have been found by Chou in 1957 to be of three distinct kinds that differ from each other in chemical composition. In the present investigation, the refractive indices of these three kinds of globule were measured by the technique for measuring the refractive indices of cytoplasmic inclusions in living cells developed by Ross in 1954, which is...

In liver transplantation, liver graft ischemia-reperfusion injury occurs mainly due to cold preservation and warm reperfusion. In this research, we study the affection of plasma protein of the donor on liver graft during cold preservation and warm reperfusion. In this study, 34 liver transplantations were performed from 2007 to 2010, and the clinical data were collected retrospectively from the...

We present a large-scale study of the IC 1396 region using new deep NIR and optical images, complemented by 2MASS data. For ten globules in IC 1396 we determine (H-K, J-H) colour-colour diagrams and identify the young stellar population. Five of these globules contain a rich population of reddened objects, most of them probably young stellar objects. Two new HH objects (HH 865 and HH 864) could...

Production of sulfur globules during sulfide or thiosulfate oxidation is a characteristic feature of some sulfur bacteria. Although their generation has been reported in Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, its mechanism of formation and deposition, as well as the physiological significance of these globules during sulfur compounds oxidation, are currently unknown. Under oxygen-sufficient conditions...

Methods Verum (aconitum 30c, calcium carbonate/quercus e cortice) and placebo globules used in two previous clinical trials were dissolved in distilled water at 10mg/ml 20-23 hours prior to the measurements. Absorbance was measured at 190 – 340nm with a Shimadzu UV-1800 double beam spectrophotometer. Duplicates of each sample were measured in a randomized order 4 times on each of the 5 measurem...

The work is motivated by the experimental observation of B. Chu et al. @Macromolecules 28, 180 ~1995!# which suggests that, while polymer globules in dilute solution in poor solvent are supposed to be very sticky, in actuality they collide many hundreds of times before merging and before aggregation starts. We argue that this slow-down is caused by an ‘‘entanglement force’’ which is operational...

Keiko Nakamura-Messenger and colleagues at the NASA Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas, studied minute globules of organic material in the Taglish Lake carbonaceous chondrite. This meteorite was collected soon after it fell, so is fresh and likely to be uncontaminated with terrestrial organic compounds. Using microanalytical techniques the NASA team found that the globules had hydrogen and ...

Human milk fat globules were used to explore how dietary triglycerides are hydrolyzed by pancreatic lipase. These triglycerides were hydrolyzed very slowly by lipase alone as if the surface layer of proteins and phospholipids impeded the action of the enzyme. The inhibition of lipase activity could be overcome by addition either of colipase or of pancreatic phospholipase A2. Colipase enhanced t...