The National Research Council (NRC) has recently recognized the International Space Station (ISS) as uniquely suitable for furthering the study of microbial species in closed habitats. Answering the NRC's call for the study, in particular, of uncommon microbial species in the ISS, and/or of those that have significantly increased or decreased in number, space microbiologists have begun capitali...

Abstract F DI can create employment and reduce poverty, increase the host country’s export capacity causing the developing country to increase its foreign exchange earnings. The aim of this study is to investigate whether FDI affect economic growth in GCC countries over the period 1980-2014 using ARDL approaches. The empirical results show that the FDI is one of the major drivers of e...

Two different quantities have been suggested for quantification of evidence in cases where a suspect is found by a search through a database of DNA profiles. The likelihood ratio, typically motivated from a Bayesian setting, is preferred by most experts in the field. The so-called np rule has been suggested through more frequentistic arguments and has been suggested by the American National Res...

This article characterizes and measures errors in the 2010 National Research Council (NRC) assessment of researchdoctorate programs in geography. This article provides a conceptual model for data-based sources of uncertainty and reports on a quantitative assessment of NRC research data uncertainty for a particular geography doctoral program. Findings indicate that important variables, including...

a Swiss Institute for Empirical Economic Research, University of St. Gallen, Switzerland b Department of Economics, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada c CEPR, London, United Kingdom d Saskatchewan Population Health Evaluation Research Unit, Saskatoon, Canada e PSI, London, United Kingdom f CESIfo, Munich, Germany g IAB, Nuremberg, Germany h IZA, Bonn, Germany i Health Quality Council...

he largest-ever generation of people aged 10–24 is now making the transition from childhood to adulthood. One and a half billion of them—86 percent—live in developing countries. Adolescence is a pivotal stage of physical, emotional, cognitive, social, and economic transitions, often characterized— particularly for girls—by lack of autonomy. The nature and quality of young people’s adult lives, ...

The likely extension of the euro area has triggered a debate on the organization of the ECB, in particular on the apparent mismatch between relative economic size and voting rights in the Council. We present a simple model of optimal representation in a federal central bank addressing this question. Optimal voting weights reflect two opposing forces: the wish to insulate common monetary policy ...

A brief history of the restructured electricity industry in eastern and southern Australia The Special Premiers’ Conference in July 1991 agreed to “establish a National Grid Management Council [NGMC] to encourage and coordinate the most efficient, economic and environmentally sound development of the electricity industry in eastern and southern Australia having regard for key national and State...

1Department of Agriculture and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2P5; 2Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe Research Centre, 6000 C&E Trail, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada T4L 1W1; 3Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Western Forage Beef Group, Lacombe Research Centre, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada. T4L 1W1. Received 27 January 2003, accepted 28 Au...

Council President: J. D. MacDonald President-Elect: J. H. Andrews Immediate Past President: G. C. Bergstrom Vice President: J. E. Leach Secretary: D. T. Beadle Treasurer: E. L. Stromberg Editor-in-Chief, Phytopathology: C. C. Mundt Editor-in-Chief, Plant Disease: K. L. Bowen Editor-in-Chief, Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions: J. Stougaard Editor-in-Chief, Phytopathology News: M. L. Daughtrey...