Economic evaluation provides a means of allocating finite healthcare resources in an efficient manner. It can inform decision-making processes at many levels, from national decision-making bodies, such as the NICE in England and Wales, to decisions by local healthcare providers. A common vehicle for the conduct of economic evaluation is the randomized controlled trial. This paper provides an ov...

One of the most basic requirements in cost/benefit assessments of generation and transmission systems are the costs incurred by customers due to power interruptions. This paper provides a consistent set of cost of interruption data that can be used to assess the reliability worth of a power system. In addition to this basic data, methodologies for calculating the customer damage functions and t...

This paper AU :1 searches for the universal epistemological foundations of socioscientific theory. Within this quest there is no parochial domain of the Islamic, for the Islamic idea finds itself in methodological, consistent, explanatory, and applied and inferential ways in the domain of what Barrow (1991) refers to as ‘‘everything.’’ Thus, the methodology that is inherent and is to be introdu...

This article provides a framework for conducting economic analysis for educational institutions. Such institutions, because they affect future output and income through human capital formation, have effects beyond the usual form of economic impact. To date, we are aware of no published impact studies that have adequately dealt with this issue, and most have not effectively handled the tradition...

Econometrics is seen as the dominant method in terms of applicability, accuracy and efficiency in economic science. It is widely used and other methods have been reduced to marginal contributions. Econometricians behave as if their techniques were universal when in fact they are not. If alternative methods are accepted, one can largely eliminate the restrictions and distance to reality of econo...

We will start* highlighting the methodological necessity to use reverse engineering for economic system when there is a strong relation between the whole and the part (Kaneko, 1998). In "complex systems" when there is a complementarity between the whole and parts, we need some logic about why rules appear for a class of economic systems. This will permit a better understanding of the ways in wh...

Agent-Based Modeling and Simulation (ABMS) represents a powerful approach for analyzing and modeling modern social and economic systems as they can be naturally conceived as composed of autonomous, goal-driven and interacting entities (agents) organized into societies. However, although several tools for ABMS are available, there are few methodologies and related processes which are able to cov...

The present work elaborates the process design methodology for the evaluation of the distillation systems based on the economic, exergetic and environmental point of view, the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The methodology proposes the Heat Integrated Pressure Swing Distillation Sequence (HiPSDS) is economic and reduces the GHG emissions than the conventional Extractive Distillation Sequence (...

.................................................................................................................................. vi CHAPTER 1. GENERAL INTRODUCTION ............................................................................... 1 References ....................................................................................................................... 7 CHAPTER 2. COMPA...