All-trans-retinoic acid (RA) induces various anatomical limb dysmorphologies in mice dependent on the time of exposure. During early limb development, RA induces forelimb ectrodactyly (digital absence) with varying susceptibilities for different inbred mouse strains; C57BL/6N are highly susceptible while SWV are resistant. To isolate the genetic basis of this defect, a full-genome scan was perf...

BACKGROUND EEM syndrome is the rare association of ectodermal dysplasia, ectrodactyly, and macular dystrophy. METHODS We here demonstrate through molecular analysis that EEM is caused by distinct homozygous CDH3 mutations in two previously published families. RESULTS In family 1, a missense mutation (c.965A-->T) causes a change of amino acid 322 from asparagine to isoleucine; this amino aci...

Complete trisomy 14 mosaicism is a rare chromosome disorder and was first reported in 1970. We describe a case of a male neonate who presented complete trisomy 14 mosaicism in only 4% of the cells from peripheral blood. A nineteen-day-old male neonate was born as result of the second pregnancy. The infant was delivered by cesarean section due to gestational hypertension and chronic fetal distre...

Anil Kumar Patel1*, Philippe Michaud1, Reeta Rani Singhania2, Carlos Ricardo Soccol3 and Ashok Pandey2 University Blaise Pascal Clermont-Ferrand, Laboratory of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering (LGCB), BP-10488, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France National Institute of Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR), Trivandrum, 695019, India Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Division, F...

Mutations in the p63 gene have been identified in five types of syndromic ectodermal dysplasias (EDs) with overlapping phenotypes: Ectrodactyly-Ectodermal dysplasia-Clefting (EEC syndrome, MIM 604292), Ankyloblepharon-Ectodermal dysplasia-Clefting (AEC syndrome, MIM 106260) [3], Acro-Dermato-Ungueal-Lacrimal-Tooth (ADULT syndrome, MIM 103285), Rapp-Hodgkin (RHS syndrome, MIM 129400) and Limb-Ma...

The EEC syndrome (ectrodactyly or lobster-claw deformity, ectodermal dysplasia, and cleft lip and palate) is a rare disorder with autosomal dominant inheritance, variable expression, and in some families lack of penetrance. We present the findings in five cases with emphasis on the ocular findings. Lacrimal surgery was performed on three patients with good results in each case. We also report t...

Ectrodactyly, Ectodermal dysplasia and Cleft lip/palate (EEC) syndrome is a rare combination of multiple congenital anomalies. Although the anomalies are diverse, the underlying problem arise from early embryonic ectodermal tissue defects or insults. We report a case of a baby boy who was born at 33 weeks of gestation with EEC syndrome. He died five months later of aspiration pneumonia. The man...

INTRODUCTION Hay Wells syndome, also known as ankyloblepharon–ectodermal dysplasia–clefting (AEC) syndrome, is one of the ectodermal dysplasia syndromes. It is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by findings of ectodermal dyplasia including alopecia, scalp infections, dystrophic nails, hypodontia, ankyloblepharon and cleft lip-palate (1). It was first described by Hay and Wells in 7 in...