We update the Global Inventory Modeling and Mapping Studies (GIMMS) analysis of Sahelian vegetation dynamics and trends using the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI; version 3g) 1981 to 2012 data set. We compare the annual NDIV3g and July to October growing season averages with the three rainfall data sets: the Africa Rainfall Climatology from 1983 to 2012, the Variability Analyses of...

1. introduction the effect of blocking on iran’s precipitation in numeral way and long-term has not been done yet. however, in some researches based on weak indexes like one-dimension has been implied to iran that in studying many cases we observe lack of blocking event and or their continuation that has been for less than 5 days. this phenomenon in some cases occurs in our country directly and...

Dramatic changes in hydrological factors in the Weihe River basin are analysed. These changes have exacerbated ecological problems and caused severe water shortages for agriculture, industries and the human population in the region, but their drivers are uncertain. The Mann-Kendall test, accumulated departure analysis, sequential clustering and the sliding t-test methods were used to identify t...

Calcium ion induced aggregation and precipitation equilibria of b-casein were studied in the presence or absence of monoand polyphosphates at pH 5.5 and 7.5. We analyze the data by assuming ion binding at a well-defined stoichiometric ratio, leading to protein charge neutralization and formation of slightly soluble complexes. The precipitation curves are in good agreement with the model, showin...

ont matter & 2012 0.1016/j.nanoen.2 thor. s: chldwang@mail .edu (G. Cao). Abstract A novel interface precipitation method has been developed to synthesize hierarchically structured ZnO nanocrystallite aggregates. Such synthesized ZnO nanocrystallite aggregates were demonstrated as a promising structure for high power conversion efficiency when used as photoelectrode in dye-sensitized solar cell...

Algorithms for estimating precipitation rates from spaceborne radar observations of apparent radar reflectivity depend on attenuation correction procedures. The algorithm suite for the Ku-band precipitation radar aboard the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission satellite is one such example. The well-known problem of nonuniform beam filling is a source of error in the estimates, especially in reg...

We develop a framework that casts the point water-vegetation dynamics under stochastic rainfall forcing as a continuous-time random walk (CTRW), which yields an evolution equation for the joint probability density function (PDF) of soil-moisture and biomass. We find regime shifts in the steady-state PDF as a consequence of changes in the rainfall structure, which flips the relative strengths of...