introduction: to investigate the ultrastructural changes of dentin irradiated with 980-nm diode laser under different parameters and to observe the morphological alterations of odontoblasts and pulp tissue to determine the safety parameters of 980-nm diode laser in the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity (dh). methods: twenty extracted human third molars were selected to prepare dentin discs. ...

background: megavoltage beams used in radiotherapy are contaminated with secondary electrons. different parts of linac head and air above patient act as a source of this contamination. this contamination can increase damage to skin and subcutaneous tissue during radiotherapy.  monte carlo simulation is an accurate method for dose calculation in medical dosimetry and has an important role in opt...

introduction: endodontic k-files are major tools for cleaning and shaping of the root canal systems. as there are various k-files available in iranian market, the physical properties of the five available brands were investigated to assist the clinician when selecting suitable endodontic k-files according to the intended application. materials and methods: physical properties (including debris ...

The superconducting pairing of electrons in doped graphene owing to in-plane and out-of-plane phonons is considered. It is shown that the structure of the order parameter in the valley space substantially affects conditions of the pairing. Electron-hole pairing in a graphene bilayer in the strong coupling regime is also considered. Taking into account retardation of the screened Coulomb pairing...

The objective of this work is t o shed light on electron transport through sub-micron semiconductor structures, where electronic state quantization, electron-electron interactions and electron-phonon interactions are important. We concentrate here on the most developed vertical quantum device, the double barrier resonant tunneling diode. In this work we analyze particle interactions in two stru...