The promoter of mouse mammary tumor virus contains three overlapping sequence elements related to the octamer consensus (ATGCAAAT) that are largely contained within two 10 bp direct repeats (CTTATGTAAA) separated by a 2 bp spacer between 60 and 39 relative to the start of transcription. Gel electrophoresis mobility shift competition assays demonstrate that the most distal of these octamer-relat...

We present a polynomial multigrid method for nodal interior penalty and local discontinuous Galerkin formulations of the Poisson equation on Cartesian grids. For smoothing we propose two classes of overlapping Schwarz methods. The first class comprises element-centered and the second face-centered methods. Within both classes we identify methods that achieve superior convergence rates, prove ro...

We give a continuum limit value of the lowest moment of a twist-2 operator in pion states from non-perturbative lattice calculations. We find that the non-perturbatively obtained renormalization group invariant matrix element is 〈x〉RGI = 0.179(11), which corresponds to 〈x〉 MS(2 GeV) = 0.246(15). In obtaining the renormalization group invariant matrix element, we have controlled important system...

Rigid surfaces consisting of spatially jittered 2-D raised-dot patterns with different inter-element spacings were moved back and forth across the skin at three different speeds (10-fold range). Within each psychophysical experiment, participants numerically estimated the perceived magnitude of either unpleasantness (nonpainful) or roughness of 2-D raised-dot surfaces applied to two stationary ...

Mid-infrared scattering scanning near-field optical microscopy, in combination with far-field infrared spectroscopy, and simulations, was employed to investigate the effect of mutual-element coupling towards the edge of arrays of loop elements acting as frequency selective surfaces (FSSs). Two different square loop arrays on ZnS over a ground plane, resonant at 10.3 µm, were investigated. One a...

We present a calculation of the standard model DeltaS=2 matrix element relevant to indirect CP violation in K-->pipi decays which uses Neuberger's chiral formulation of lattice fermions. The computation is performed in the quenched approximation on a 16(3) x 32 lattice that has a lattice spacing a approximately 0.1 fm. The resulting bare matrix element is renormalized nonperturbatively. Our mai...

Concentric circular antenna array (CCAA) has interesting features over other array configurations. A uniform arrangement of elements is assumed where the interelement spacing is kept almost half of the wavelength and the array parameters such as the steering matrix and gain are determined. The array performance such as beam power pattern, sidelobe level and beamwidth are discussed in two cases ...

In this study, we ask if instead of being fundamentally opposed, niche and neutral theories could simply be located at the extremes of a continuum. First, we present a model of recruitment probabilities that combines both niche and neutral processes. From this model, we predict and test whether the relative importance of niche vs. neutral processes in controlling community dynamics will vary de...

Sequential exchanges of vocalizations (staccatos and neighs) emitted by Northern Muriquis Brachyteles arachnoides hypoxanthus were recorded at the Biological Station of Caratinga, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Staccatos and neighs containing larger proportion of short elements were preferentially produced during short-range exchanges; neighs, produced by a larger number of participants, were typi...

With a goal to optimize the element positions to reduce the peak sidelobe level (PSLL) of the array pattern, a modified real Genetic Algorithms (MGA) for the synthesis of sparse linear arrays is described. The multiple optimization constrains include the number of elements, the aperture and the minimum element spacing. The advanced new approach reduces the size of the searching area of GA by me...