Supersymmetry (SUSY) [1] is regarded as one of the most compelling theories to describe physics at arbitrarily high energies beyond the Standard Model (SM). In SUSY, a new spin-based symmetry turns a bosonic state into a fermionic state and vice versa postulating the existence of a superpartner for each of the known fundamental particles, with spin differing by 1/2 unit. The phenomenology is de...

Results of complete tree level calculations of the single top production reaction γe −→ νt̄b at the Next Linear Collider, including the contribution of anomalous operators to the Wtb coupling are presented. The sensitivity for probing the structure of the Wtb coupling in a model independent way is analyzed and found to be significantly higher than for comparable measurements at the Tevatron. The...

Symmetries and their consequences are central to physics. In this chapter we will discuss a particular set of symmetries that have played a seminal role in the development of elementary particle and nuclear physics. These are the isospin symmetry of nuclear interactions and its natural extension, the so-called Eightfold Way. The organization of this chapter is as follows: In the next section we...

3. Elementary processes in QED Scattering amplitudes and the differential cross-section Kinematics of binary processes, decay rate of an unstable particle The scattering e− e → μ− μ, the square of the scattering amplitude Unpolarized scattering and its differential cross-section The scattering e− μ− → e− μ−, the square of the scattering amplitude Crossing symmetry, Mandelstam variables, crossed...

A gauge field model, which simultaneously has strict local gauge symmetry and contains massive general gauge bosons, is discussed in this paper. The model has SU (N) gauge symmetry. In order to introduce the mass term of gauge fields directly without violating the gauge symmetry of the theory, two sets of gauge fields will be introduced into the theory. After some transformations , one set of g...

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An introduction to the minimal supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) is given. The motivation for “low-energy” supersymmetry is reviewed, and the structure of the MSSM is outlined. In its most general form, the MSSM can be viewed as a low-energy effective theory parametrized by a set of arbitrary soft-supersymmetry-breaking parameters. A variety of techniques for reducing the parameter freedom o...

It is shown, that our contemporary knowledge of geometry is insufficient, because we know only axiomatizable geometries. With such a knowledge of geometry one cannot investigate properly physics of microcosm and structure of elementary particles. One can obtain only a phenomenological systematics of elementary particles, whose construction does not need a discrimination mechanism. The discrimin...

The Standard Model of the theory of elementary particles is based on the U(1) × SU(2) × SU(3) symmetry. In the presence of a gravitation field, i. e. in a non-flat space-time manifold, this symmetry is implemented through three special vector bundles. Connections associated with these vector bundles are studied in this paper. In the Standard Model they are interpreted as gauge fields. 1. The U ...