In many bird species, males and females cannot be discriminated on the basis of external characteristics. The problems associated with reliable sex identification were overcome by introducing the molecular techniques in the 1990s. These techniques are generally based on DNA hybridization or polymerase chain reaction (PCR). This paper reviews the sexing techniques, highlighting their advantages ...

Molecular sexing of the diversified avian family Strigidae is difficult. Sex identification using the intron length difference between W and Z chromosomal CHD1 genes, as visualized by agarose gel electrophoreses, often produces ambiguous results. Here we describe a simple method for sexing a variety of Strigidae species using oligonucleotide microarrays, on which several sex-specific probes ope...

A commercially viable cattle embryo transfer (ET) industry was established during the early 1970s. Initially, techniques for recovering and transferring cattle embryos were exclusively surgical. However, by the late 1970s, most embryos were recovered and transferred nonsurgically. Successful cryopreservation of embryos was widespread by the early 1980s, followed by the introduction of embryo sp...

This paper explores different stories of sexual citizenship found in gay and lesbian rights struggles. It uses two recent cultural productions , Kissing Jessica Stein and Queer as Folk, to analyze the stories of sexual citizenship found in two Supreme Court decisions, M. v. H., and Little Sisters. The paper deploys these contrasting stories of sexual citizenship, of sameness and difference, ass...

A commercially viable cattle embryo transfer (ET) industry was established during the early 1970s. Initially, techniques for recovering and transferring cattle embryos were exclusively surgical. However, by the late 1970s, most embryos were recovered and transferred nonsurgically. Successful cryopreservation of embryos was widespread by the early 1980s, followed by the introduction of embryo sp...

A commercially viable cattle embryo transfer (ET) industry was established during the early 1970s. Initially, techniques for recovering and transferring cattle embryos were exclusively surgical. However, by the late 1970s, most embryos were recovered and transferred nonsurgically. Successful cryopreservation of embryos was widespread by the early 1980s, followed by the introduction of embryo sp...

A commercially viable cattle embryo transfer (ET) industry was established during the early 1970s. Initially, techniques for recovering and transferring cattle embryos were exclusively surgical. However, by the late 1970s, most embryos were recovered and transferred nonsurgically. Successful cryopreservation of embryos was widespread by the early 1980s, followed by the introduction of embryo sp...

Sex work and the operation of brothels in Perth (WA) remains an 'illegal' activity. Despite this, brothels manage to continue to operate in the Perth metropolitan area, with most 'formal' brothels located within the inner city-suburban ring. In recent years, there has been a rise in the presence of 'discrete' brothels, i.e. so-called therapeutic massage parlours that are alleged to offer sexual...

X and Y chromosome paints were developed from sorted yak chromosomes for sexing cattle spermatozoa. Clear hybridization signals were obtained for every spermatozoon using a modified sperm decondensation protocol and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The procedure was evaluated using the established Beltsville sperm sexing technology, which separates spermatozoa by flow cytometry into X...