I n September 2015, under the leadership of United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-Moon, the international community took a huge step forward for people, the planet, and prosperity with the adoption of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) pave a brave path towards a world of equity and inclusion, health, including sexual and reproductive heal...

iranian rural women have been working side by side with men in many activities. but in recent years, due to social, economic and cultural changes, the role of women in many rural activities has declined, causing many social and economic problems in rural areas. tourism is one of the activities in which there are too many opportunities for employment and entrepreneurship for women. women are abl...

We study the effects of European immigration to the United States during the Age of Mass Migration (1850–1920) on economic prosperity today. We exploit variation in the extent of immigration across counties arising from the interaction of fluctuations in aggregate immigrant flows and the gradual expansion of the railway network across the United States. We find that locations with more historic...

Let G be a graph with vertex set V (G) and edge set E(G). A defensive alliance in G is a subset S of V (G) such that for every vertex v ∈ S, |N [v] ∩ S| ≥ |(V (G)−N [v]) ∩ S|. A global defensive alliance is an alliance that is also a dominating set. We define the alliance partition number, ψa(G) (global alliance partition number, ψg(G)), to be the maximum number of sets in a partition of V (G) ...

WHO is honored to cosponsor this important event together with the Ministry of Health of Brazil, ILA and ILEP. We are especially grateful to Government of Brazil and members of the Organizing Committee for planning and organizing the Congress. This is the second important meeting which the Brazilian authorities have kindly hosted this year the first being the meeting of the Global Alliance for ...

This article describes an approach to assessing infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices using small-sample surveys which was developed jointly by VALID International; CONCERN Worldwide; Save the Children; the Sierra Leone Ministry of Health and Sanitation; the Niger National Institute of Statistics; the Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute (EHNRI); the Sudanese Federal Mini...

By almost any measure, U.S. research universities are consistently ranked among the best in the world. Beginning with the Morrill Act (Land Grant College Act) of 1862, federal and state policies have underscored the nation's commitment to building the finest research institutions. As such, U.S. universities have been the incubators of the nation's prosperity. E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Compan...

Substantial research shows that high-quality early childhood education programs have a large economic payoff. This payoff is increased earnings for former child participants, increased earnings for parents, and increased earnings for all workers when average worker skills improve. A program package of universal pre-K, combined with child care and parenting support for all low-income families, w...

OBJECTIVE To investigate relationships between individuals' socioeconomic situations and quality of life in working-aged subjects with Parkinson's disease. METHODS A population-based cohort comprising 1,432 people with Parkinson's disease and 1,135 matched controls, who responded to a questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with life satisfacti...