in this research, the viewpoint of mīzā mahdī iṣfahānī, as the founder of tafkīk school (separatism), concerning the most important epistemological issues like the quiddity of cognition (or episteme), types of cognition, truth, and justification of knowledge (ma‘rifa) are studied. given the fact that epistemology has not been regarded as an independent science in the muslim world, but the musli...

in this article, the writer, exploring the most important theories of psychologists, anthropologists and sociologists about the origin of religion and roots of religiosity, tries to show that there is no ultimate agreement and explanation about these questions and that the currently working theories are suffering from grave theoretical and/or empirical shortcomings. the writer, however, argues ...

Dream narration has a lengthy history in the Western literary tradition, functioning as the earliest iteration of the frame story. Dream narratives can be found in the Bible, and in Greek and Latin classical literature, but perhaps reached a zenith during the Medieval period, when dream visions became a central narratological strategy in theological texts and secular romances alike. Deriving fr...

Among the most important Jewish encounters with other cultures and civilizations, the encounter with Islamic culture was, in our view, the most important. This encounter was in some aspects like their encounter with the ancient civilization, but the impacts were more valuable and constructive. Under Islamic rule, the Jews not only had a sense of security but also enjoyed a relatively satisfacto...