Graduate School of Science (T.L.S., T.S., I.H.-N.) and Graduate School of Agriculture (T.L.S., Y.T.), Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606–8502, Japan; Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630–0101, Japan (M.F., Y.F.); Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Ishikawa 921–8836, Japan (M.M.); RIKEN...

We propose and investigate a novel method for the controlled coupling of two Josephson charge qubits by means of a variable electrostatic transformer. The value of the coupling capacitance is given by the discretized curvature of the lowest energy band of a Josephson junction, which can be positive, negative, or zero. We calculate the charging diagram of the two-qubit system that reflects the t...

Excimer laser textured thin film silicon and poly 2-methoxy-52 -ethylhexyloxy -1,4-phenylenevinylene bilayer solar cells are fabricated and characterized with air mass 1.5 simulated solar irradiation. The polymer layer increases the light harvesting capability of the cell and increases the shunt resistance while increasing open circuit voltage. The highest efficiency of 0.87% for the thin film ...

Exact diagonalization calculations reveal that the energy spacing ∆ in the conduction band tunes the interplay between the local Kondo and non local RKKY interactions, giving rise to a “Doniach phase diagram” for a nanocluster with regions of prevailing Kondo or RKKY correlations. The parity of the total number of electrons alters the competition between the Kondo and RKKY correlations. This in...

We have studied at cryogenic temperatures photoluminescence features which lie more than 0.15 eV below the band edge in Zn Cd& Te (0+x 0.09) crystals. The same features, namely a defect band which lies at about 0.13—0.20 eV below the band-gap energy and a peak at 1.1 eV, that are observed in pure CdTe samples are observed in these alloy materials. In annealed samples we observe that the 1.1eV f...

We put forward the quantum screening effect in field emission [FE] nanodiodes, explaining relatively low field enhancement factors due to the increased potential barrier that impedes the electron Fowler-Nordheim tunneling, which is usually observed in nanoscale FE experiments. We illustratively show this effect from the energy band diagram and experimentally verify it by performing the nanomani...

A two-band model is used to study the phase separation in systems with different kinds of strongly correlated charge carrier, with a special emphasis on cuprate superconductors near optimum doping. We show that such a system can decompose into two metallic-like phases with more and less localized carriers. This phase separation is controlled by the energy splitting between the two bands. In cup...

The Landau level spectra and the quantum Hall effect of ABA-stacked multilayer graphenes are studied in the effective-mass approximation. The low-energy effective-mass Hamiltonian may be partially diagonalized into an approximate block-diagonal form, with each diagonal block contributing parabolic bands except for an additional block describing Dirac-like bands with a linear dispersion in a mul...

The effect of pH on the relative distribution of pyridoxal structures in aqueous solution was examined by fluorescence spectroscopy. The hemiacetal structure, which is the predominant species at neutral pH, exhibits a symmetrical emission band at 378 rnp and is characterized by a quantum yield of 0.08. Luminescence studies at low temperature (77” K) have permitted the analysis of the phosphores...

The band structure of a prototypical dilute magnetic semiconductor (DMS), Ga1-xMnxAs, is studied across the phase diagram via infrared and optical spectroscopy. We prove that the Fermi energy (EF) resides in a Mn-induced impurity band (IB). Specifically the changes in the frequency dependent optical conductivity [sigma1(omega)] with carrier density are only consistent with EF lying in an IB. Fu...