Background Lateral wedge insoles have consistently shown to reduce the external knee adduction moment (EKAM) in medial knee osteoarthritis (OA) patients; although there is evidence that certain patients have a paradoxical increase in EKAM. This may be a key factor in determining clinical response and thus identifying and understanding why these patients increase EKAM is critical for prescribing...

High tibial osteotomy is effective for managing a variety of knee conditions, including gonarthrosis with varus or valgus malalignment, osteochondritis dissecans, osteonecrosis, posterolateral instability, and chondral resurfacing. The fundamental goals of the procedure are to unload diseased articular surfaces and to correct angular deformity at the tibiofemoral articulation. Although the clin...

Wedge shaped defects of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) may occur in glaucoma. Currently, automatic detection of wedge shaped defects in Scanning Laser Polarimetry images of the retinal nerve fiber layer is unavailable; an automatic classification is currently based only on global parameters, thereby ignoring important local information. Our method works by a modified dynamic programming t...

A sharp interface LES methodology on orthogonal curvilinear grid for breaking waves produced by an interface-piercing body at high Reynolds number is presented. Both gas and liquid phases are considered for the strong interactions between two phases, such as spray dispersion and bubble entrainment. The level-set based ghost fluid method is adopted for sharp interface treatment and a volume-of-f...

Purpose: A method for determination of effective transmission factors of the Varian Enhanced Dynamic Wedge (EDW) is investigated. Methods and Material: The model assumes that the EDW factor equals the fraction of monitor units delivered to the geometrical center of the beam. This ”MU fraction approximation” is verified by comparing its predictions with measurements of a series of symmetric and ...

Introduction: Wedge filters are used in radiotherapy to modify photon beam and improve dose uniformity in the target volume. Determination of wedge dose distribution is important to improve treatment planning accuracy. The utilization of treatment planning software to obtain dose distribution is not always available. In this work an analytical model has been developed to calcu...

Geodetic studies of subduction megathrusts have shown that the pattern of interseismic strain is heterogeneous, varying between locked seismic and creeping aseismic sections. Paleoseismology reveals that large earthquakes have occurred repeatedly on the same section, implying that variability in interface frictional properties are long-term features. Based on stick-slip frictional laws this in ...

Coleoptiles of barley (Hordeum vulgare) were positioned in a high gradient magnetic field (HGMF, dynamic factor gradient of H(2)/2 of 10(9)-10(10) Oe2 cm-1), generated by a ferromagnetic wedge in a uniform magnetic field and rotated on a 1 rpm clinostat. After 4 h 90% of coleoptiles had curved toward the HGMF. The cells affected by HGMF showed clear intracellular displacement of amyloplasts. Co...

Introduction: Nowadays,  considerable developments  in  the field  of  radiotherapy have  been  achieved.  They  include  the  advances  made  in  the  equipments  and  treatment  planning  techniques  which  require  highly complex calculations. Such achievements have made it possible to treat cancer patients not only  with  higher  radiation  dose  but  also  with  higher  precision  and  con...