Enolase (EC 4.2.1.11) is an enzyme of the glycolytic pathway catalyzing the dehydratation reaction of 2-phosphoglycerate. In vertebrates the enzyme exists in three isoforms: alpha, beta and gamma. The amino-acid and nucleotide sequences deposited in the GenBank and SwissProt databases were subjected to analysis using the following bioinformatic programs: ClustalX, GeneDoc, MEGA2 and S.I.F.T. (s...

Enolase is the eighth enzyme in the glycolytic pathway, a reaction that generates ATP from phosphoenol pyruvate in cytosolic compartments. Enolase is essential, especially for organisms devoid of the Krebs cycle that depend solely on glycolysis for energy. Interestingly, enolase appears to serve a separate function in some organisms, in that it is also exported to the cell surface via a poorly ...

Streptococcus iniae is a major fish pathogen that can also cause human bacteremia, cellulitis and meningitis. Screening for and identification of protective antigens plays an important role in developing therapies against S. iniae infections. In this study, we indicated that the α-enolase of S. iniae was not only distributed in the cytoplasm and associated to cell walls, but was also secreted t...

Unlimited growth of cancer cells requires an extensive nutrient supply. To meet this demand, cancer cells drastically upregulate glucose uptake and metabolism compared to normal cells. This difference has made the blocking of glycolysis a fascinating strategy to treat this malignant disease. α-enolase is not only one of the most upregulated glycolytic enzymes in cancer cells, but also associate...

BACKGROUND Mycoplasma synoviae is an avian pathogen that can lead to respiratory tract infections and arthritis in chickens and turkeys, resulting in serious economic losses to the poultry industry. Enolase reportedly plays important roles in several bacterial pathogens, but its role in M. synoviae has not been established. Therefore, in this study, the enolase encoding gene (eno) of M. synovia...

Eukaryotic cilia and flagella are long, thin organelles, and diffusion from the cytoplasm may not be able to support the high ATP concentrations needed for dynein motor activity. We discovered enzyme activities in the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii flagellum that catalyze three steps of the lower half of glycolysis (phosphoglycerate mutase, enolase, and pyruvate kinase). These enzymes can generate o...

Neuron-specific enolase concentrations were measured in samples of rat cerebrospinal fluid obtained repeatedly before and after occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. A method for reliable, repeated sampling of cisternal cerebrospinal fluid was developed for this purpose. Occlusion of the middle cerebral artery induced cerebral infarcts of slightly variable size with good correlation to raise...

Alpha (alpha)-enolase (e), a glycolytic enzyme, has an alternative role as a surface receptor of several bacteria mediating plasminogen (pg) binding. It is also recognized as a virulence factor of some pathogenic bacteria facilitating plasminogen activation and host cell invasion. A mycoplasmal alpha-enolase is also a plasminogen binding protein. Molecular interactions of enolase from Mycoplasm...

The development of a radioimmunoassay for S-100 protein is described. This method was used in combination with a recently developed radioimmunoassay for neuron-specific enolase in cerebrospinal fluid and serum from 47 patients with cerebral infarction, transient ischemic attack, intracerebral hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and head injury. In cerebrospinal fluid, increased concentrations ...

Antigenic proteins of Echinostoma caproni (Trematoda) against mouse IgM, IgA, IgG, IgG1 and IgG2a were investigated by immunoproteomics. Excretory/secretory products (ESP) of E. caproni separated by two-dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis were transferred to nitrocellulose membranes and probed with the different mouse immunoglobulin classes. A total of four proteins (enolase, 70 kDa heat-shock...