BACKGROUND Radiographically guided investigations may be associated with excessive radiation exposure, which may cause skin injuries. The purpose of this study was to develop and test a system that measures in real time the dose applied to each 1-cm(2) area of skin, taking into account the movement of the x-ray source and changes in the beam characteristics. The goal of such a system is to help...

As children are prone to be more radiosensitive than adults, it is imperative assess the Entrance Skin Doses (ESDs) for patients being examined by X-rays, in order ensure optimization of dose while considering a number other fickles. The ESD received 50 paediatrics (aged 1-13 years) undergoing 8 types X-ray examinations were measured at Federal Teaching Hospital, Ido-Ekiti, Ekiti, Nigeria, with...

Introduction High doses of ionizing radiation can lead to adverse health outcomes such as cancer induction in humans. Although the consequences are less evident at very low radiation doses, the associated risks are of societal importance. This study aimed at assessing entrance skin doses (ESDs) in patients undergoing selected diagnostic X-ray examinations at public hospitals of Akwa Ibom State,...

Objective: The current research study aims to calculate entrance surface air kerma for skull, chest, cervical spine, lumbar and pelvic X-ray examinations in interior posterior positions generate a method chest dose reduction decrease radiation risk. Materials Methods: indirect measurement was used the research. tube output measured using RAD-CHECK Plus ionization chamber calculated via applying...

Radiation protection in paediatric radiology deserves special attention since it is assumed that children are more sensitive to radiation than adults. The aim of this work is to estimate the entrance skin dose (ESD), the body organ dose (BOD) and the effective dose (E) for chest x-ray exposure of paediatric patients in five large units, three in Sudan and two in Brazil, and to compare the resul...

background: the radiation doses resulting from diagnostic x-ray examinations are routinely measured in terms of entrance surface dose (esd) and effective dose (ed). in this study, for the purpose of radiation protection, the radiation doses received from digital chest x-ray examination were evaluated in terms of esd and ed. material and methods: the ed was calculated by using the mcnp monte car...

background: the most efficient application of ionizing radiation is serving medical purposes and using this radiation has caused people to learn that artificial sources of radiation exposure among these resources can be of highest exposure rate.   objective: the present study is aimed at initially establishing a baseline for local-reference dose level in mazandaran, iran in 12 projections of th...