The work deals with the design of the 12-bit Delta-Sigma () modulator using switched capacitors (SC) technique. The modulator serves to vibration sensor output processing. The first part describes the modulator parameters definition. Results of the proposed topology ideal model were presented as well. Next, the  modulator circuitry on the transistor level was done. The ONSemiconductor I...

This paper analyses and simulates a delta delta–sigma modulator, the cascade combination of a delta modulator and a delta–sigma modulator. Using prediction, the delta modulator reduces the dynamic range of a signal prior to quantisation. Using noise shaping, the delta–sigma modulator cancels the error of the delta modulator. Performance is evaluated with input signals from a random noise proces...

data envelope analysis (dea) is an approach to estimate the relative efficiency of decision making units (dmus). several studies were conducted in order to prioritize efficient units and some useful models such as cross-efficiency matrix (cem) were presented.  besides, a number of dea models with interval data have been developed and ranking dmus with such data was solved. however, presenting a...

We have recently purified the modulator of the glucocorticoid-receptor complex from rat liver. Purified modulator inhibits glucocorticoid-receptor complex activation and stabilizes the steroid-binding ability of the unoccupied glucocorticoid receptor. Since these activities are shared by exogenous sodium molybdate, modulator appears to be the endogenous factor that sodium molybdate mimics. In t...

This paper proposes vector modulator for changing the phase of a signal in passive beamforming system. Vector modulator is used to perform a phase shift function with added benefit of amplitude control. It is used to improve the directivity of RF waves in Wireless systems. Vector modulator is implemented for a center frequency of 902.5 MHz. The simulation is performed for individual blocks of t...

In the present paper, we have deeply investigated the transmission efficiency degradation of electrooptic modulator devices in thermal irradiated hard environments over wide range of the operating parameters. It is well known that the radiation-induced electrooptic modulator defects can modify the initial doping concentrations, creating generation-recombination centres and introducing trapping ...

Several techniques have been proposed for estimating and compensating for the effects of quadrature modulators and demodulators. Several of them will be discussed in this survey including those that observe the envelope of signals, the pilot tones of OFDM signals, and others.

A novel Σ∆ modulator is presented with lower power consumption and higher Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) than the conventional modulator for a given order. The novel modulator is applied in analog-to-digital converters of RF receivers. The same modulator architecture is used for GSM and WCDMA receivers differing only the in Oversampling Ratio (OSR). The modulator was designed using switched capaci...

the object of this cross sectional study was to determine the hcv subtype 3a envelope protein binding affinity with human leukocyte antigen. envelope 1 (e1) protein is one of the structural proteins responsible for entering the cells through the receptors. the binding affinity of e1 protein epitopes to the selected human leukocyte antigen (hla) class i alleles was investigated using the compute...