A common task in the analysis of multi-environmental trials (MET) by linear mixed models (LMM) is estimation variance components (VCs). Most often, MET data are imbalanced (e.g., due to selection). The imbalance mechanism can be missing completely at random (MCAR), (MAR), or not random. If missing-data pattern was caused selection, it usually MAR. In this case, likelihood-based methods preferre...

Promoting pro-environmental behaviour amongst urban dwellers is one of today's greatest sustainability challenges. The aim of this study is to test whether an information intervention, designed based on theories from environmental psychology and behavioural economics, can be effective in promoting recycling of food waste in an urban area. To this end we developed and evaluated an information le...

We have detected extraplanar cold dust at distances out to >10 kiloparsecs, situated in the halo of the interacting galaxy NGC 4631. The dust emission disk is much thinner than the warped HI disk, and new structures emerge. In particular, a giant arc has been found that is linked to anomalies in the kinematical structure of the atomic gas. Most of the extraplanar dust is closely associated with...

The classical environmental control model assumes that species diversity is primarily determined by environmental conditions (e.g., microclimate and soil) on the local scale. This assumption has been challenged by the neutral theory that assumes that the maintenance of biodiversity mainly depends on the ecological drift and dispersal limitation. Understanding the mechanisms that maintain biodiv...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the potential feasibility of application of the extended International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) Core Set for stroke. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 40 stroke outpatients (>6 months after onset) admitted to the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine for comprehensive rehabilitation. Clinical information of the p...

Enactment of any environmental policy should be followed by an evaluation of its efficacy to ensure optimal utilization of limited resources, yet measuring the success of these policies can be a challenging task owing to a dearth of data and confounding factors. We examine the efficacy of ballast water policies enacted to prevent biological invasions in the Laurentian Great Lakes. We utilize fo...

The increase of greenhouse gases (GHG) in which CO2 emissions constitute the principal component, is of major environmental problems of all societies. Economic growth impels intensive use of resources and as a result, more residues and wastes thrown in the nature that could lead to environmental degradation. This article tries to trace the eventual relationship between trade openness and enviro...

to understand the traditional description of medicine as a practice of healing, it is necessary to examine its relationships with both science and ethics. the “scientific” component of medicine includes an acknowledgment of the influence of social, cultural and environmental factors on the functioning of the organism. the “ethical” component is often presented as merely supplementary but actual...

ecological destruction in human-dominated landscapes has significant impacts on environment sustainability internationally. landscape planning can play a role in mitigating the effects of human-related activities. one element of landscape planning involves the analysis of the biological, spatial and social arrangement of areas in an urban environment and identifying characteristics that are und...

Free cooling lowers datacenter costs significantly, but may also expose servers to higher and more variable temperatures and relative humidities. It is currently unclear whether these environmental conditions have a significant impact on hardware component reliability. Thus, in this paper, we use data from nine hyperscale datacenters to study the impact of environmental conditions on the reliab...