نتایج جستجو برای: environmental protection
تعداد نتایج: 531182 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
The term «multifunctionality of agriculture» began to be used in connection with the development of discussions on state support for agricultural production and its impact on the situation on the world food market in the WTO. Countries interested in export expansion argued that such support distorts market relations and hinders trade liberalization. Their opponents objected, arguing that agricu...
Private risk reduction will be socially efficient only when firms are liable for all the damage that they cause. We find that environmental insurance can achieve social efficiency even when two traditional policy instruments--ex post fines and risk management mandates with ex ante fines--do not. Inefficiency occurs with ex post fines, when small firms declare bankruptcy and escape their liabili...
Greater use of waste reduction is now impeded by a number of factors, including a tendency to include it among waste management techniques to reduce the use of land disposal. Government and industry can purposefully or unwittingly provide incentives for and raise barriers against waste reduction. Creating institutional support for waste reduction will draw attention to it as a feasible environm...
There has been considerable focus on the impacts of environmental change on ecosystem function arising from changes in species richness. However, environmental change may affect ecosystem function without affecting richness, most notably by affecting population densities and community composition. Using a theoretical model, we find that, despite invariant richness, (1) small environmental effec...
Cumulative risk refers to the combined threats from exposure via all relevant routes to multiple stressors including biological, chemical, physical, and psychosocial entities. Cumulative risk assessment is a tool for organizing and analyzing information to examine, characterize, and possibly quantify the combined adverse effects on human health or ecologic resources from multiple environmental ...
One of the most commonly used ground-water remediation technologies is to pump contaminated waterto the surfacefor treatment, Evacuating the effectiveness of pump-and-treat rernediations at Superfund sites is an issue identified by the Regional Superfund Ground Water Forum as a concern of Superfunddecision-makers. The Forum is a group of groundwater scientists, representing EPA’s Regional Super...
The world's crop productivity is stagnating whereas population growth, rising affluence, and mandates for biofuels put increasing demands on agriculture. Meanwhile, demand for increasing cropland competes with equally crucial global sustainability and environmental protection needs. Addressing this looming agricultural crisis will be one of our greatest scientific challenges in the coming decad...
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