October 2011 marked the 25th Anniversary of the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA), which was celebrated for its "significant role in protecting human health and the environment over the last quarter century by providing communities and emergency planners with valuable information on toxic chemical releases in their area." This Note aims to evaluate the effectiveness of ...

Successful reproduction requires a complex series of interdependent physiological, cellular and molecular events. In the female many of these interdependent events are vulnerable to interruption by xenobiotic compounds. The physiological steps in the female reproductive cycle are reviewed. Selected xenobiotics which interrupt this cycle are presented and their mechanisms and site of adverse eff...

A phenomenon of local skin reactivity to B. typhosus culture filtrates is described in this report. The reactivity was induced by skin injections of the filtrate followed 24 hours later by an intravenous injection of the same filtrate. The local response consisted of severe hemorrhagic necrosis and was fully developed 4 to 5 hours after the second injection. About 78 to 79 per cent of the rabbi...

Reducing the levels of toxic chemicals that cause adverse health and environmental impacts is a challenge for the international community. There is a need of a global strategy. Indeed, too often the problems associated to the exposure of chemical substances is recognized a posteriori, in the presence of consequences already observed. The prediction of the likely effects of chemical exposure on ...

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Free radicals and oxygen meatabolites by xenobiotics were studied. Reactive intermediates detoxification may be due to the hydrolysis, glutathione conjugation, or interactions with cellular antioxidants. When DNA is modified in biological systems or when isolated DNA, nucleosides, and nucleotides are reacted with the xenobiotic or its metabolites. Free radicals biotransformation was considered....

EPIDEMIOLOGY • American Association of Poison Control Centers’ database reports ∼ 1 million exposures to poisonings each year in children < 6 years of age • Substances most available to children include those items in the home, such as cosmetics, cleaning products, analgesics, plants, cough medicine, foreign bodies, topical agents, pesticides, vitamins and hydrocarbons • Increased risk of death...

Although the impact of environmental contaminants on human health has been widely studied, few reports in the Canadian literature have focussed on the specific vulnerability of children. Because of their rapid growth, physiologic and metabolic immaturity, the fetus and child are often at increased risk from toxic substances in their environments. Furthermore, greater air, food and fluid intakes...