There is a long tradition in formal epistemology and in the psychology of reasoning to investigate indicative conditionals. In psychology, the propositional calculus was taken for granted to be the normative standard of reference. Experimental tasks, evaluation of the participants’ responses and psychological model building, were inspired by the semantics of the material conditional. Recent emp...

Indicative conditionals, that is sentences of the form “If p, then q,” belong to the most puzzling phenomena of language. On the majority of accounts of indicative conditionals, the truth of p and q suffices for “If p, then q” to be true or highly acceptable. Yet, many conditionals with true clauses, even if there is a meaningful connection between them, sound odd. The most common reaction to t...

Three-valued accounts of conditionals frequently promise (a) to conform to the probabilistic view that conditionals are evaluated by conditional probabilities, and (b) to yield a plausible account of compounds of conditionals. However, McGee (1981) shows that probabilistic validity, the conception of validity most naturally associated with the probabilistic view, cannot be characterized by a fi...

Weak equivalences are important behavioral equivalences in the course of specifying and analyzing the reactive systems using process algebraic languages. In this paper, we propose a series of weak equivalences named weak parametric failure equivalences, which take two previously-known behavioral equivalences, i.e., the weak failure equivalence and the weak impossible future equivalence, as thei...

Conditionals are the basic ingredient of a mathematical argument. We present an analysis of conditionals and pseudo-conditional in mathematical discourse, and then propose a computational framework for the (re-)construction and semantic representation of conditional dependencies.

Logical architectures combine several logics into a more complex logical system. In this paper we study logical architectures using input/output operations corresponding to the functionality of logical components. We propose a logic of normative systems, based on an architecture of counts-as conditionals, institutional constraints, obligations and permissions. For counts-as conditionals and ins...

Weak equivalences are important behavioral equivalences in the course of specifying and analyzing reactive systems using process algebraic languages. In this paper, we propose a series of weak equivalences named weak parametric readiness equivalences, which take two previously-known behavioral equivalences, i.e., the weak readiness equivalence and the weak possible future equivalence, as their ...

The meaning of conditional sentences bears an intrinsic relation to a number of central philosophical problems, like the nature of reasoning, the possibility of knowledge, and the status of laws of nature. This has incited philosophers to spend a lot of time working on conditionals and to fill countless bookshelves with inspiring and sophisticated theories on their meaning. However, the overall...