Nonerosive reflux disease (NERD) is a distinct pattern of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). It is defined as a subcategory of GERD characterized by troublesome reflux-related symptoms in the absence of esophageal mucosal erosions/breaks at conventional endoscopy. In clinical practice, patients with reflux symptoms and negative endoscopic findings are markedly heterogeneous. The potential ...

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is usually associated with the classical symptoms of heartburn and acid regurgitation, which have, in clinical practice, defined the disease. However it has long been known that extra-esophageal GERD and Barrett’s esophagus occur in patients without typical reflux symptoms. In recent years, several studies have uncovered a significant proportion of patient...

Noncardiac chest pain (NCCP) affects approximately 1 quarter of the adult population in the United States. The pathophysiology of the disorder remains to be fully elucidated. Identified underlying mechanisms for esophageal pain include gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), esophageal dysmotility, and visceral hypersensitivity. Aggressive antireflux treatment has been the main therapeutic stra...

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and sleep disturbances are both common health problems. There is a significant association between disturbed sleep and GERD, and this may be bidirectional. Sleep disorders may induce gastrointestinal (GI) disturbances, while GI symptoms also may provoke or worsen sleep derangements. Reflux of gastric acid is a less frequent event during sleep, however, aci...

STUDY OBJECTIVES To determine the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)-both symptoms and objective evidence-using 24-h dual-probe pH monitoring in difficult asthma, and the relationship between the presence and treatment of GERD to clinical outcome. DESIGN AND SETTING As part of a systematic evaluation protocol, 68 subjects with difficult-to-control asthma attending a difficul...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) originates from regurgitation of gastric contents, a mechanism seemingly identical to gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Some researchers postulate a connection between LPR and GERD, whereas some assert LPR is a disease apart from GERD. We examined symptoms of GERD from LPR patients, and performed gastrointestinal endoscopy and transmiss...

BACKGROUND None of current diagnostic methods has been proven to be a reliable tool for gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD). Pepsin in saliva has been proposed as a promising diagnostic biomarker for gastro-esophageal reflux. We aimed to determine the diagnostic value of salivary pepsin detection for GERD. METHODS Two hundred and fifty patients with symptoms suggestive of GERD and 35 asym...

background: there is no data on the prevalence and the association of gastro esophageal reflux disease (gerd) with toxic fume inhalation. therefore, we aimed to evaluate the frequency distribution of gerd symptoms among the individuals with mild respiratory disorder due to the past history of toxic fume exposure to sulfur mustard (sm). materials and methods: in a historical cohort study, subjec...

OBJECTIVES To critically review and summarize the literature on cough and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and to make evidence-based recommendations regarding the diagnosis and treatment of chronic cough due to GERD. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY Ovid MEDLINE literature review (through March 2004) for all studies published in the English language and selected articles published in other language...

The stratified squamous epithelium of the esophagus forms a tight protective barrier. Defects of the barrier function contribute to gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), which is manifested as damage to the esophageal epithelium due to exposure to the gastrointestinal refluxate. In this review, we discuss the involvement of NFkB and Nrf2 in esophageal epithelial barrier function. Understandin...