managed in the primary care setting. Surveys suggest that approximately 20 percent of U.S. adults have symptoms of GERD at least once a week.4 A subgroup of patients with GERD develop severe complications that include erosive esophagitis, stricture formation, Barrett’s esophagus, and adenocarcinoma of the esophagus. Because Barrett’s esophagus is thought to be associated with the development of...

OBJECTIVE To report the incidence of congenital vascular anomalies in a cohort of patients with esophageal atresia (EA) and tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) while describing the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and consequences, and to evaluate the diagnostic value of esophagram in diagnosing an aberrant right subclavian artery (ARSA). METHODS All patients born with EA/TEF between 2005 and 20...

Echocardiography has been accepted as the diagnostic modality of choice for mitral valve prolapse (MVP). The determine the effect of position on echocardiographic diagnosis of MVP, we examined 693 consecutive patients referred to the echocardiography laboratory because of suspected MVP. First, patients were examined using the usual standard M-Mode echocardiography( left parasternal third or fou...

The increasing incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is mirrored by the increasing prevalence of Barrett esophagus, a precursor lesion resulting in a large number of individuals "at risk" for this lethal malignancy. Among patients with Barrett esophagus, only about 0.3% annually will develop EAC. Because large numbers of patients are followed in endoscopic surveillance, there is a need f...

The aim of this study was to determine the role of the superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) in the following esophageal reflexes: esophago-upper esophageal sphincter (UES) contractile reflex (EUCR), esophago-lower esophageal sphincter (LES) relaxation reflex (ELIR), secondary peristalsis, pharyngeal swallowing, and belch. Cats (N = 43) were decerebrated and instrumented to record EMG of the cricophar...

Aim. To determine the diagnostic value of endosonography in primary and secondary esophageal tumors.
 Materials methods. Between 2018 2022, 118 patients with changes were managed at Blokhin National Medical Research Center for Oncology. Primary imply invasion esophagus directly by a tumor, mean wall tumor from outside, transition stomach to esophagus.
 Results. All had esophagogastrod...

Echocardiography-guided pericardiocentesis is a procedure commonly performed by cardiologist to evaluate pericardial effusions. It is generally considered a relatively safe procedure with minimal complications and a high success rate [1–3]. However, a safe approach to the pericardial effusion may on occasion not be possible. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is capable of better visualization of the ...

BACKGROUND Esophageal adenocarcinoma develops through a multistage process which is characterized histopathologically by progression from Barrett's intestinal metaplasia to Barrett's esophagus with dysplasia and ultimately to adenocarcinoma. The genetic basis of this process is increasingly well understood, but no studies have examined the role of the transcription factor c-myb in this disease....

Achalasia is a primary esophageal motility disorder that involves failure of the lower sphincter to relax in response swallowing. Specifically, becomes hypertensive, and there an absence peristalsis esophagus. The pathophysiology thought be due loss inhibitory nerve function from autoimmune attack targets myenteric nerves. As result, these abnormalities lead functional obstruction at gastroesop...