Ladies and gentlemen, I would like to thank the Oesterreichische Nationalbank and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development for inviting me to this conference. Vienna is certainly one of the best places in Europe to deliver a speech about the economic and monetary challenges of euro area enlargement. After all, the city serves in so many ways as a bridge between " old " and " new " E...

Twenty-five European overseas countries and territories (OCTs) are associated with the European Union (EU) through four Member States of the European Union (EU): Denmark, France, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom. Citizens of OCTs are European citizens, unless they decide to renounce their respective European Member State citizenship. The OCTs are neither part of the EU nor considered as t...

This paper employs systems-based cointegration techniques developed by Johansen (1988, 1995) to determine which European Union countries would form a successful Economic and Monetary Union (EMU), based on long-run behavior of the nominal convergence criteria laid down in the Maastricht treaty. The original 12 European Union countries are analyzed together. Nominal exchange rates, real exchange ...

The constitution of a European demos with a collective identity is one of the preconditions for adjusting the legitimacy problem of the European Union (EU). The analysis attempts to clarify empirically whether there is sufficient commonality regarding Europeans‘ political value orientations to substantiate a collective identity. Particularly in view of the European Union’s eastward enlargement,...

The enlargement of the European Union will bring many political, economical and structural changes on the Continent, which require careful and deep analysis to be made. This paper will grasp the enlargement of the European Union from the aspect of the trade pattern and trade specialization of six major European Union candidates; namely, Turkey, Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania, Poland and the Czech R...

The PHARMINE consortium consists of 50 universities from European Union member states or other European countries that are members of the European Association of Faculties of Pharmacy (EAFP). EU partner associations representing community (PGEU), hospital (EAHP) and industrial pharmacy (EIPG), together with the European Pharmacy Students' Association (EPSA) are also part of the consortium. THE ...

Following the rationale for regional redistribution programs described in the official documents of the European Union, this paper studies a simple multicountry model built around two regions: a core and a periphery. Technological spillovers link firms’ productivity within each of the two regions, and each country’s territory falls partly in the core and partly in the periphery, but the exact s...

BACKGROUND Enlargement of the European Union has caused worries about the possibility of increased migration from its new members, the former Soviet countries, and consequently increased demands on the health care systems of the host countries. This study investigated whether or not earlier immigrants from the former Soviet Bloc have poorer self-reported mental health, measured as self-reported...