Multiannual data (2016–2018) from 12 weighed lysimeters (four soil types with textures ranging sandy loam to silt loam, three replicates) of the TERENO SOILCan network were used evaluate if evaporation (E) rates could be predicted weather using FAO Penman–Monteith (PM) method combined water flow simulations Richards equation. Soil hydraulic properties (SHPs) estimated either texture ROSETTA ped...

This study employs a knowledge intensive corpus analysis to identify the elements of the communicative context which can be used to determine the appropriate lexical and grammatical form of instructional texts. imagene, an instructional text generation system based on this analysis, is presented, particularly with reference to its expression of precondition relations.

Reference evapotranspiration (ETo) is a key agrometeorological index for rational irrigation management. The standard method ETo estimation, proposed by the FAO, based on complicated Penman–Monteith equation and requires many meteorological inputs, making it difficult practical use farmers. At present, there are alternative simplified approaches estimation; most of them directed at cutting numb...

Zamra catchment, Upper Tekeze Basin, Northern Ethiopia. Direct field estimates of potential evapotranspiration (PET) remain a challenge, because they are expensive and have limited spatial representativeness. An alternative is to derive PET by remote sensing as product reference (ETo) land use-land cover (LULC) factor (Kc). The aims this study were to: i) validate satellite-derived Daily Refere...

The following method was used to apply the topology of current study evapotranspiration ETo, net irrigation demand, schedules, and total effective rain fall different crop models: using Food Agriculture Organization's (FAO) CROPWAT 8.0 standard software CLIMWAT 2.0 tool FAO-56 Penman-Monteith approach examine variable ETo. Due high temperatures in summer with an annual mean 6.33 mm/day, topolog...

To estimate the irrigation volume required for agriculture and improve water resources utilization efficiency, it is essential to obtain an of reference evapotranspiration (ET0) its components (e.g., transpiration, T0 soil evaporation, E0). This study updated a soil-plant-atmosphere continuum (SPAC) model associated reference-based SPAC (R-SPAC), applied agricultural ecosystem. Model simulation...