Fear of crime is a very prevalent issue today. It challenges the safety of cities. For this reason it has gained considerable attention among the sociologists and criminologists over the last 20 years. Whilst men experiencing relatively high rates of violence, they report their fear of crime less than women. In the contrary women have a much greater fear of crime than men, but are victimized le...

introduction: anterior cruciate ligament (acl) rupture is one of the most common sport injuries. despite present progresses in conservative and surgical treatment methods for acl, the rate of return to pre-injury level (rtp) is low. fear of movement/reinjury (kinesiophobia) is a major hindrance to rtp in these patients. the aim of the following research was to investigate functional tests’ effe...

Part of understanding normal and abnormal fear in children and adolescents is having knowledge of how they acquire fears and of how fears change across development. One way to examine the relative contributions of heredity and environment to the experience of fear is to study fear across cultures. The Fear Survey Schedule for Children-II (FSSC-II; Gullone, E., & King, N. J. (1992). Psychometric...

The neural mechanisms underlying the attainment of fear memory accuracy for appropriate discriminative responses to aversive and nonaversive stimuli are unclear. Considerable evidence indicates that coactivator of transcription and histone acetyltransferase cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) binding protein (CBP) is critically required for normal neural function. CBP hypofunction lead...

To understand children's psychological problems and corresponding clinic referral patterns, we need to consider the impact of culture. Culturally mediated values and socialization practices may suppress development of some problems and foster others. Consider Thailand, a Buddhist nation, in which children's aggression and other undercontrolled behaviors are disapproved and discouraged, whereas ...

Atopic eczema is a chronic skin disorder that is most common in early childhood, an important stage in the child's social and emotional development. The psychiatric adjustment and mother-child attachment in 30 preschool children with severe atopic eczema was compared with 20 matched controls. Patients with eczema had a significant increase in behaviour symptoms, 7/30 (23%) v 1/20 (5%); with sig...

Early maternal deprivation impairs the behavioral development of young individuals. Recently, strong differences between mothered and maternally deprived chicks have been reported concerning their emotionality, sociality, and spatial skills. Here we investigated long-term and cross-generational impacts of maternal deprivation by comparing the characteristics of the non-reproductive and the mate...

This study examined the possible risk-buffering and risk-enhancing role of family characteristics on the association between temperament and early adolescent externalizing and internalizing problems, adjusted for familial vulnerability for psychopathology and early childhood problem behavior. Furthermore, it explored whether these effects were specific or conditional for either internalizing or...

Exposure to stress in utero is a risk factor for the development of problem behavior in the offspring, though precise pathways are unknown. We examined whether DNA methylation of the glucocorticoid receptor gene, NR3C1, was associated with experiences of stress by an expectant mother and fearfulness in her infant. Mothers reported on prenatal stress and infant temperament when infants were 5 mo...

Hypotheses that positive affect and fear in infancy moderate later relationships between neighborhood quality and behavior problems were examined in a sample of children from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth. Results suggested that poor neighborhood quality was associated with antisocial behavior at age 6 for children who in infancy were characterized by either high positive affect and...