Concept Design and optimization of cell culture processes requires intensive studies based on “Design of experiments”-strategies. In academia teaching of DoE-concepts is often insufficient, as in most cases only simple culture strategies (batch) can be performed, as time and money are limited. More complex tasks such as feeding strategies for fed batch culture can be discussed theoretically onl...

A competitive (nonmetabolizable) inhibitor of glucose uptake, alpha-methylglucoside, was used to limit the growth of Escherichia coli. Cell division during such a nutritional shift-down was studied in batch cultures and with the "baby-machine" technique. Following a brief delay, the rate of division was maintained for 60 to 70 min in batch cultures and for an extended period in the baby machine...

A convex optimization formulation is provided for antenna arrays comprising reactively loaded parasitic elements. The objective function consists of maximizing the array gain, while constraints on admittance are in order to properly account reactive loads. Topologies with two and three electrically small dipole one fed element or elements, respectively, considered conditions obtaining supergain...

Nine hundred and forty-three isolates of fungi, in 40 genera, from feeds and from peanut fruits and seeds, were grown in autoclaved moist corn or corn-rice mixture, and fed to experimental animals, mainly rats. Of 527 isolates from feeds, 284, or 54% resulted in death of the animals to which they were fed in 7 days or less. Of 416 isolates from peanuts, 155, or 37%, resulted in death of the tes...

Ninety, day old broiler chicks were arranged into 5X3X6 pattern to investigate the effect of exclusion of Cobalt, Iron and Copper from the mineral mixture. Five dietary groups (T1 to T5) were assigned basal diets containing 2800 kcal ME/kg and 22% CP (Starter) and 20% (Finisher) for a total duration of 6 weeks. The chicks in T1 were fed commercial mineral mixture, T2 were supplemented with mine...

Whole embryo culture (WEC) technique has been developed in 1950's by New and his colleagues, and applied for developmental biology (1). Although development and growth of mammalian embryos are critically dependent on the function of the placenta, WEC technique allows us to culture mouse and rat embryos ex vivo condition during limited periods corresponding to midgestation stages during embryoni...

The principal objective of this study was to evaluate the kinetics of dihydroxyacetone production by Gluconobacter frateurii CGMCC 5397 under different oxygen volumetric mass transfer coefficient (kLa) conditions in submerged bioreactors using biodiesel-derived crude glycerol as the carbon source. kLa is a key fermentation parameter for the production of dihydroxyacetone. Cultivations were cond...

Yeast cells were cultivated at different growth rates in a chemostat by alterations in the flow of the limiting nutrient glucose and in batch cultures where variations in growth rate were achieved by alterations in the composition of nutrients. It was observed that the stage in the cycle at which S-phase was completed varied with growth rate. The faster the growth rate, the earlier the stage in...