Introduction Sound vibrations are collected from the external environment by the eardrum and are guided to the basilar membrane in the cochlea. Pressure differences in the two scalae of the cochlea result in a traveling wave on the basilar membrane (figure 1). The tiny displacements are detected by the deflection of thousands of hair cells, situated along this membrane. It is hypothesized that ...

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of a 12-h feed outage at various times prior to slaughter on subsequent broiler performance, live shrink, and processing yields. Broilers were full-fed or subjected to a 12-h feed outage followed by a refeeding period of 12, 24, or 48 h. Bird live weights or feed consumption was monitored during the outage and recovery periods. Birds were subje...

Of 700 animal feed samples, 32 (4.5%) harbored Salmonella. The highest percentage of contamination was found in sheep feed and local protein. A total of 17 Salmonella serotypes were identified. The most frequent serotypes were Salmonella meleagridis. S. bornum, S. montevideo, and S. drypool. S. bornum was isolated for the first time in Iraq and from both local feed and its ingredients. The comm...

OBJECTIVES Industrial food animal production (IFAP) operations adversely impact environmental public health through air, water, and soil contamination. We sought to determine how state permitting and agriculture agencies respond to these public health concerns. METHODS We conducted semi-structured qualitative interviews with staff at 12 state agencies in seven states, which were chosen based ...

Iterative learning control is a feedforward control technique applied to systems or processes that operate in a repetitive fashion over a fixed interval of time to improve tracking/regulation performance in response to reference inputs/disturbance inputs that are repeatable in each cycle. In this paper, learning control is applied to coil-to-coil gauge and tension control during the thread-up p...

This thesis proposal discusses control of dynamic systems and its relation to time. Although much research has been done concerning control of dynamic systems and decision making, little research exists about the relationship between time and control. Control is defined as the ability to keep a target system/ process in a desired state. In this study, properties of time such as fast, slow, over...

Spring barley is grown on about half of the Norwegian cereal area. The rest of the area is equally divided between wheat and oats. Most years the domestic production provides 70%-80% of the domestic market for bread wheat. Barley and oats are mainly grown for animal feed. During the years 2008-2012, severe epidemics of Fusarium head blight have led to increased mycotoxin contamination of cereal...