Hydroxyl radical (OH •) is a reactive oxygen species produced during severe hypoxia, asphyxia or ischemia that can cause cell death resulting in brain damage. Generation of OH • may occur in the fetal brain during asphyxia in utero. The very short half-life of OH • requires use of trapping agents such as salicylic acid or phenylalanine for detection, but their hydroxylated derivatives are eithe...

The purpose of this study was to investigate metabolic and hemodynamic responses in two fetal tissues, hindlimb muscle and brain, to an episode of acute moderate asphyxia. Near-infrared spectroscopy was used to measure changes in total hemoglobin concentration ([tHb]) and the redox state of cytochrome oxidase (COX) simultaneously in the brain and hindlimb of near-term unanesthetized fetal sheep...

Hydroxyl radical (.OH) is a reactive oxygen species produced during severe hypoxia, asphyxia, or ischemia that can cause cell death resulting in brain damage. Generation of .OH may occur in the fetal brain during asphyxia in utero. The very short half-life of .OH requires use of trapping agents such as salicylic acid or phenylalanine for detection, but their hydroxylated derivatives are either ...

Objectives : To study the cord blood nucleated RBC count (NRBC) in asphyxiated and nonasphyxiated fetuses at birth and to find out the correlation between NRBC count, fetal acidosis and the clinical markers of asphyxia. Methods : This is a prospective comparative study conducted between 2002 and 2004. Parturient women who were in labor between 37 and 42 weeks of gestation were selected after sa...

OBJECTIVE To describe causes of substandard care in obstetric compensation claims. DESIGN AND SETTING A nationwide descriptive study in Norway. POPULATION All obstetric patients who believed themselves inflicted with injuries by the Health Service and applying for compensation. METHODS Data were collected from 871 claims to The Norwegian System of Compensation to Patients during 1994-2008...

There is limited information about whether preexisting fetal hypoxia alters hemodynamic responses and changes in T/QRS ratio and ST waveform shape during subsequent severe asphyxia. Chronically instrumented near-term sheep fetuses (124 +/- 1 days) were identified as either normoxic Pa(O(2)) > 17 mmHg (n = 9) or hypoxic Pa(O(2)) < or = 17 mmHg (n = 5); then they received complete occlusion of th...

PURPOSE Current knowledge about pulmonary/systemic hemodynamics and gas exchange during neonatal resuscitation in a model of transitioning fetal circulation with fetal shunts and fluid-filled alveoli is limited. Using a fetal lamb asphyxia model, we sought to determine whether hemodynamic or gas-exchange parameters predicted successful return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). METHODS The umb...

A detailed clinicopathological analysis of 223 consecutive fetal and neonatal deaths was carried out in Curaçao during 1984 and 1985; this included careful histological examination of 210 infants (94%). The crude death rate was 34.2 per 1000 total births. Malformation was the principal cause of death in 28 cases, antepartum haemorrhage in 19, hypertension in 25, and asphyxia in 35. Death was ca...