The Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation plays an important role as a low-dimensional prototype for complicated fluid dynamics systems having been studied due to its chaotic pattern forming behavior. Up to now, efforts to carry out data assimilation with this 1-d model were quasi totally restricted to variational adjoint methods domain and only Chorin and Krause [26] tested it using a sequential Bayes...

Nonlinear estimation of turbulence and vortical structures has many applications in engineering and in geophysical sciences. In [18] and [41], mathematical foundation of nonlinear filtering methods was developed for viscous flow and for reacting and diffusing systems. The current work is in part an effort to contribute towards concrete computational methods to solve the nonlinear filtering equa...

Adding nanoparticles in a drilling fluid can aid the sealing of nanopores borehole wall rock and mud cake; this way, filtrate loss be reduced is stabilized. In work, spectrophotometric method was used to study effect dispersants on calcium carbonate nanoparticles. The best dispersion achieved at cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) concentration 4 wt%, dispersing time 45 min, pH value 8 stirr...

the aim of the present study was to assess the immunogenicity of under 30kda molecular weight proteins of hydatid cyst fluid and protoscoleces in dogs experimentaly infected with echinococcus granulosus. isolation of under 30 kda proteins performed using millipore filter. six dogs were used in three groups: 2 dogs with under 30 kda proteins of hydatid cyst fluid (group i); 2 dogs with proteins ...

Background: Butterworth, Gaussian, Hamming, Hanning, and Parzen are commonly used SPECT filters during filtered back-projection (FBP) reconstruction, which greatly affect the quality and size accuracy of image. Materials and Methods: This study involved a cardiac phantom in which 1.10 cm thick cold defect was inserted into its myocardium wall and filled with 4.0 μCi/ml (0.148 MBq/ml) 99mTc conc...

in this article, the effect of cells' radius on the behavior of wavelength switching optical filter andthe effect of the radius of the optical filters' key characteristics such as wavelength resonance onan optical filter based on photonic crystals, have been investigated. currently, the most commonapplied mechanism for designing optical filter based on photonic crystals is using twomechanisms s...

slow sand filters are as a proper technology for pre-treatment of raw water, with a fine and medium trubidity in small communities in developing countries. thus, with a minimum operation cost and minimum need for expest bodies have the maximum efficiency. the purpose of this research is carried out to evaluate the efficiency of two processes of horizontal flow roughing filter and vertical flow ...

OBJECTIVES To study whether air contaminants in sawmills can induce acute changes in the upper and lower airways of previously non-exposed subjects. METHODS Nineteen healthy volunteers were examined to find the concentration of interleukin 6 (IL-6) in nasal lavage fluid and lung function before and after five hour exposure to dusts and fumes generated in a sawmill where timber from Scots pine...