Coal classification schemes have been developed over many years from studies of the physical and chemical properties of coals as a method of dividing coals into various categories according to their behaviour during carbonisation and combustion. Although there is no universally accepted scheme, most coal classification schemes are based on two main types of parameters:a)volatile matter, and b)c...

This work presents the modeling and thermodynamic analysis of two novel small-scale polygeneration systems that are capable simultaneously converting residual biomass to methanol (MeOH), electricity, heat a CO2-rich stream for agricultural greenhouses. The first system is based on downdraft gasifier, while second relies dual fluidized bed (DFB) gasifier. Both configurations leverage H2, O2, ele...

Tar removal from biomass gasification gas is a crucial problem in applying syngas from biomass for its downstream applications. Catalytic biomass gasification has given promising results for tar cracking. A few research groups have investigated the use of olivine for tar cracking [2,3,4,7,8,9,10]. The presence of oxides of iron and magnesium in the mineral olivine give it the ability to crack h...

In dual fluidized bed (DFB) gasification, the interaction of material with fuel ash leads to development a catalytic activity toward tar-abating reactions. However, formation layers may also be detrimental process, especially in terms uncontrolled transport oxygen from combustor gasifier. A few previous studies investigating materials have reported transport, although latter was not focus these...

ethyl benzene used increasingly each year is the raw material of producing styrene monomer. this substanceis produced from benzene alkylation with ethylene or ethanol, depending on the availability and cost of rawmaterials. in this study benzene alkylation in the presence of ethanol in a catalytic fixed bed reactor inthree states of isotherm, adiabatic and non-isotherm-non-adiabatic is mathemat...

the effect of hydraulic retention time in a range from 1.0-5.5 days was evaluated in a laboratoryscaleanaerobic fixed bed reactor packed with a hybrid material composed of tire rubber and zeolite. underthese conditions, cod removal efficiencies varied from 28.3% to 82.1%, respectively. over the more than 6months of operation, no clogging was observed. the results obtained demonstrated that this...

the potential of six economically cheap agricultural waste materials, viz. rice husk, betel nutpeels, sugarcane molasses, tea waste, mustard oil cake and saw dust, was investigated for copper and leadremoval from aqueous solutions under batch and continuous conditions. the effect of ph, contact time,sorbent dose and initial metal ion concentration on the uptake of copper and lead was first exam...

The co-gasification of biomass and coal is a promising approach for efficiently integrating the unique advantages different gasification feedstock with syngas production. Additionally, from locally available could supplement natural gas used in household industrial burners. top-lit updraft gasifier features moving ignition front that starts at top propagates downward through solids bed, while a...