Figure 2. Bearing capacity determined from astronaut bootprints (Modulus of Subgrade Reaction) [2]. Inset (upper left) shows a cross-section of bootprint and the forces involved. Other parameters can be measured using the astronaut’s boot or walking stick. They include surface temperature, dust accumulation, and penetrometry. These and other sensors will provide useful material information to g...

Based on a model of human capital accumulation, we study convergence in academic achievement of native-born and immigrant students. The model captures the idea that human capital accumulation is a dynamic process depending on cognitive achievement accumulated at previous stages of a student’s academic life. This theoretical formalization provides a framework for the empirical analysis of dynami...

Interdisciplinary research is increasingly recognized as the solution to today's challenging scientific and societal problems, but the relationship between interdisciplinary research and scientific impact is still unclear. This paper studies the association between the degree of interdisciplinarity and the number of citations at the paper level. Different from previous studies compositing vario...

We propose noise oscillation measurements in a double point contact, accessible with current technology, to seek for a signature of the nonabelian nature of the ν = 5/2 quantum Hall state. Calculating the voltage and temperature dependence of the current and noise oscillations, we predict the nonabelian nature to materialize through a multiplicity of the possible outcomes: two qualitatively dif...

In this article, we consider finite dimensional dynamical control systems described by nonlinear impulsive Ito type stochastic integrodifferential equations. Necessary and sufficient conditions for complete controllability of nonlinear impulsive stochastic systems are formulated and proved under the natural assumption that the corresponding linear system is appropriately controllable. A fixed p...

The dynamics of n-dimensional Lotka–Volterra equations having an invariant hyperplane is investigated herein. There exists a fundamental difference between the evenand the odd-dimensional case. For even dimensions the dynamics are generated by a Hamiltonian system with respect to an appropriately chosen Poisson structure. For odd dimensions the dynamics are Hamiltonian if there is a continuum o...

First, this paper introduces a notion of a sharp penalty mapping which can replace more common exact penalty function for convex feasibility problems. Second, it uses it for solution of variational inequalities with monotone operators or pseudo-varitional inequalities with oriented operators. Appropriately scaled the sharp penalty mapping can be used as an exact penalty in variational inequalit...

We compute the tunneling current in a double point contact geometry of a quantum Hall system at filling fraction = 5 2 , as a function of voltage and temperature, in the weak tunneling regime. We quantitatively compare two possible candidates for the state at = 5 2 : the Moore-Read Pfaffian state, and its particle-hole conjugate, the anti-Pfaffian. We find that both possibilities exhibit the sa...

Empirical results through a fixed effects regression model show that government size has a negative effect on growth mainly through hampering capital accumulation. When a sample is divided into OECD and non-OECD countries, the negative effect of government size on capital accumulation persists for non-OECD countries but not for OECD countries.